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In-game win probability models, which provide a sports team's likelihood of winning at each point in a game based on historical observations, are becoming increasingly popular. In baseball, basketball and American football, they have become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Pieter Robberechts , Jan Van Haaren , Jesse Davis

In this paper, we rigorously study the problem of cost optimisation of hybrid (mixed) institutional incentives, which are a plan of actions involving the use of reward and punishment by an external decision-maker, for maximising the level…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-09 M. H. Duong , C. M. Durbac , T. A. Han

Outcome-driven studies designed to evaluate potential effects of games and apps designed to promote healthy eating and exercising remain limited either targeting design or usability factors while omitting out health-based outcomes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-28 S. Durga , S. Hallinan , M. Seif El-Nasr , M. Shiyko , C. Sceppa

Since March 2020, the environment surrounding football has changed dramatically because of the COVID-19 pandemic. After a few months' break, re-scheduled matches were held behind closed doors without spectators. The main objective of this…

Applications · Statistics 2021-03-09 Eiji Konaka

The success of a football team depends on various individual skills and performances of the selected players as well as how cohesively they perform. We propose a two-stage process for selecting optimal playing eleven of a football team from…

Applications · Statistics 2023-04-14 Soudeep Deb , Shubhabrata Das

In Fall 2020, several European countries reported rapid increases in COVID-19 cases along with growing estimates of the effective reproduction rates. Such an acceleration in epidemic spread is usually attributed to time-dependent effects,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-30 Nazmi Burak Budanur , Björn Hof

The impact of player age on performance has received attention across sport. Most research has focused on the performance of players at each age, ignoring the reality that age likewise influences which players receive opportunities to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-06 Michael Schuckers , Michael Lopez , Brian Macdonald

The optimal allocation of vaccines to population subgroups over time is a challenging health care management problem. In the context of a pandemic, the interaction between vaccination policies adopted by multiple agents and the cooperation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-22 David Rey , Ahmed W Hammad , Meead Saberi

In this work, we study the causal relations among German regions in terms of the spread of Covid-19 since the beginning of the pandemic, taking into account the restriction policies that were applied by the different federal states. We…

Applications · Statistics 2021-04-13 Atalanti A. Mastakouri , Bernhard Schölkopf

Tournaments are a widely used mechanism to rank alternatives in a noisy environment. This paper investigates a fundamental issue of economics in tournament design: what is the best usage of limited resources, that is, how should the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-05-24 Balázs R. Sziklai , Péter Biró , László Csató

Motivated by models of epidemic control in large populations, we consider a Stackelberg mean field game model between a principal and a mean field of agents evolving on a finite state space. The agents play a non-cooperative game in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Alexander Aurell , Rene Carmona , Gokce Dayanikli , Mathieu Lauriere

In this research, we develop a framework to analyze the interaction between the economy and the Covid-19 pandemic using an extension of SIR epidemic model. At the outset, we assume there are two health related investments including general…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-14 Zachariah Sinkala , Vajira Manathunga , Bichaka Fayissa

A mathematical model for the COVID-19 pandemic spread, which integrates age-structured Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Deceased dynamics with real mobile phone data accounting for the population mobility, is presented. The dynamical…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-24 Ritabrata Dutta , Susana Gomes , Dante Kalise , Lorenzo Pacchiardi

Aggressive incentive schemes that allow individuals to impose economic punishment on themselves if they fail to meet health goals present a promising approach for encouraging healthier behavior. However, the element of choice inherent in…

General Economics · Economics 2018-11-08 Idris Adjerid , Rachael Purta , Aaron Striegel , George Loewenstein

This paper examines strategic effort and positioning choices resulting in bandwagon effects under externalities in finite multi-stage games using causal evidence from triathlon (Reichel, 2025). Focusing on open-water swim drafting where…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-13 Felix Reichel

The spread of COVID-19 has been thwarted in most countries through non-pharmaceutical interventions. In particular, the most effective measures in this direction have been the stay-at-home and closure strategies of businesses and schools.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-04 G. Dimarco , G. Toscani , M. Zanella

Advanced analytics have transformed how sports teams operate, particularly in episodic sports like baseball. Their impact on continuous invasion sports, such as soccer and ice hockey, has been limited due to increased game complexity and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-26 David Radke , Kyle Tilbury

Estimating win probability is one of the classic modeling tasks of sports analytics. Many widely used win probability estimators use machine learning to fit the relationship between a binary win/loss outcome variable and certain game-state…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-21 Ryan S. Brill , Ronald Yurko , Abraham J. Wyner

Soccer is undeniably the most popular sport world-wide and everyone from general managers and coaching staff to fans and media are interested in evaluating players' performance. Metrics applied successfully in other sports, such as the…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-04 Konstantinos Pelechrinis , Wayne Winston

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, National governments have applied lockdown restrictions to reduce the infection rate. We perform a massive analysis on near real-time Italian data provided by Facebook to investigate how lockdown…