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Despite being the main tool to visualize molecules at the atomic scale, AFM with CO-functionalized metal tips is unable to chemically identify the observed molecules. Here we present a strategy to address this challenging task using deep…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-03 Jaime Carracedo-Cosme , Carlos Romero-Muñiz , Pablo Pou , Rubén Pérez

Recent advancements in biology and chemistry have leveraged multi-modal learning, integrating molecules and their natural language descriptions to enhance drug discovery. However, current pre-training frameworks are limited to two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Teng Xiao , Chao Cui , Huaisheng Zhu , Vasant G. Honavar

Searching for novel molecules with desired chemical properties is crucial in drug discovery. Existing work focuses on developing neural models to generate either molecular sequences or chemical graphs. However, it remains a big challenge to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-22 Yutong Xie , Chence Shi , Hao Zhou , Yuwei Yang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Lei Li

Artificial intelligence (AI) in the form of deep learning bears promise for drug discovery and chemical biology, $\textit{e.g.}$, to predict protein structure and molecular bioactivity, plan organic synthesis, and design molecules…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-29 Rıza Özçelik , Derek van Tilborg , José Jiménez-Luna , Francesca Grisoni

This paper focuses on using natural language descriptions to enhance predictive models in the chemistry field. Conventionally, chemoinformatics models are trained with extensive structured data manually extracted from the literature. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yujie Qian , Zhening Li , Zhengkai Tu , Connor W. Coley , Regina Barzilay

Goal-oriented de novo molecule design, namely generating molecules with specific property or substructure constraints, is a crucial yet challenging task in drug discovery. Existing methods, such as Bayesian optimization and reinforcement…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Chuanliu Fan , Ziqiang Cao , Zicheng Ma , Nan Yu , Yimin Peng , Jun Zhang , Yiqin Gao , Guohong Fu

Recent advancements in computational chemistry have leveraged the power of trans-former-based language models, such as MoLFormer, pre-trained using a vast amount of simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) sequences, to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-05 Tianhao Peng , Yuchen Li , Xuhong Li , Jiang Bian , Zeke Xie , Ning Sui , Shahid Mumtaz , Yanwu Xu , Linghe Kong , Haoyi Xiong

Developing therapeutics is a lengthy and expensive process that requires the satisfaction of many different criteria, and AI models capable of expediting the process would be invaluable. However, the majority of current AI approaches…

Spectroscopic techniques are essential tools for determining the structure of molecules. Different spectroscopic techniques, such as Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry, provide insight into the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-30 Marvin Alberts , Oliver Schilter , Federico Zipoli , Nina Hartrampf , Teodoro Laino

A drug molecule is a substance that changes the organism's mental or physical state. Every approved drug has an indication, which refers to the therapeutic use of that drug for treating a particular medical condition. While the Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 David Oniani , Jordan Hilsman , Chengxi Zang , Junmei Wang , Lianjin Cai , Jan Zawala , Yanshan Wang

Molecular editing aims to modify a given molecule to optimize desired chemical properties while preserving structural similarity. However, current approaches typically rely on string-based or continuous representations, which fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuanxin Zhuang , Dazhong Shen , Ying Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in diverse areas, yet struggle with complex scientific reasoning, especially in the field of chemistry. Different from the simple chemistry tasks (e.g., molecule classification) addressed in previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Siru Ouyang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Bing Yan , Xuan Liu , Yejin Choi , Jiawei Han , Lianhui Qin

We present $\textbf{MolT5}$ $-$ a self-supervised learning framework for pretraining models on a vast amount of unlabeled natural language text and molecule strings. $\textbf{MolT5}$ allows for new, useful, and challenging analogs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Carl Edwards , Tuan Lai , Kevin Ros , Garrett Honke , Kyunghyun Cho , Heng Ji

Modeling the relationship between chemical structure and molecular activity is a key goal in drug development. Many benchmark tasks have been proposed for molecular property prediction, but these tasks are generally aimed at specific,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-05 Samuel G. Finlayson , Matthew B. A. McDermott , Alex V. Pickering , Scott L. Lipnick , Isaac S. Kohane

The versatility of multimodal deep learning holds tremendous promise for advancing scientific research and practical applications. As this field continues to evolve, the collective power of cross-modal analysis promises to drive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Yifei Wang , Yunrui Li , Lin Liu , Pengyu Hong , Hao Xu

The molecular large language models have garnered widespread attention due to their promising potential on molecular applications. However, current molecular large language models face significant limitations in understanding molecules due…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-23 Zaifei Yang , Hong Chang , Ruibing Hou , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

The success of language models, especially transformer-based architectures, has trickled into other domains giving rise to "scientific language models" that operate on small molecules, proteins or polymers. In chemistry, language models…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Nikita Janakarajan , Tim Erdmann , Sarath Swaminathan , Teodoro Laino , Jannis Born

Molecular structures are always depicted as 2D printed form in scientific documents like journal papers and patents. However, these 2D depictions are not machine-readable. Due to a backlog of decades and an increasing amount of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Youjun Xu , Jinchuan Xiao , Chia-Han Chou , Jianhang Zhang , Jintao Zhu , Qiwan Hu , Hemin Li , Ningsheng Han , Bingyu Liu , Shuaipeng Zhang , Jinyu Han , Zhen Zhang , Shuhao Zhang , Weilin Zhang , Luhua Lai , Jianfeng Pei

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently shown promising capabilities in various scientific domain. In particular, these advances have opened new opportunities in drug discovery, where the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jueon Park , Wonjune Jang , Jiwoo Lee , Yein Park , Jaewoo Kang

Molecule pretraining has quickly become the go-to schema to boost the performance of AI-based drug discovery. Naturally, molecules can be represented as 2D topological graphs or 3D geometric point clouds. Although most existing pertaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Shengchao Liu , Weitao Du , Zhiming Ma , Hongyu Guo , Jian Tang
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