Related papers: Temperature analysis of X-ray Thomson scattering d…
Although commonly employed by X-ray astronomers, maximum likelihood estimators are known to be biased. In this paper we investigate the bias associated to the measure of the temperature from an X-ray thermal spectrum. We show that, in the…
Thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure can be defined from the statistical behavior of a system. Therefore, thermal fluctuation is an inseparable characteristic of these parameters which eventually finds its way into…
Temperature is a widely used hyperparameter in various tasks involving neural networks, such as classification or metric learning, whose choice can have a direct impact on the model performance. Most of existing works select its value using…
In bosonic quantum metrology, the estimate of a loss parameter is typically performed by means of pure states, such as coherent, squeezed or entangled states, while mixed thermal probes are discarded for their inferior performance. Here we…
As a fundamental physical quantity of thermal phonons, temporal coherence participates in a broad range of thermal and phononic processes, while a clear methodology for the measurement of phonon coherence is still lacking. In this Lettter,…
Spectral retrieval has long been a powerful tool for interpreting planetary remote sensing observations. Flexible, parameterised, agnostic models are coupled with inversion algorithms in order to infer atmospheric properties directly from…
We propose an ambitious new method that models the intracluster medium in clusters of galaxies as a set of X-ray emitting smoothed particles of plasma. Each smoothed particle is described by a handful of parameters including temperature,…
Effects of nonlinearity in Thomson scattering of a high intensity laser pulse from electrons are analyzed. Analytic expressions for laser pulse shaping in amplitude and frequency are obtained which control spectrum broadening for…
Spin squeezing is a form of entanglement that reshapes the quantum projection noise to improve measurement precision. Here, we provide numerical and analytic evidence for the following conjecture: any Hamiltonian exhibiting finite…
Inelastic scattering techniques provide a powerful approach to studying electron and nuclear dynamics, via reconstruction of a propagator that quantifies the time evolution of a system. There is now growing interest in applying such methods…
Theoretical studies of the physical processes in clusters of galaxies are mainly based on the results of numerical simulations, which in turn are often directly compared to X-ray observations. Although trivial in principle, these…
We describe how we can precisely measure variations in the entropy S of small solid samples below room temperature, as a function the temperature T or the external magnetic field H, respectively. A simple differential-thermal analysis (DTA)…
We introduce a technique based on infrared thermal emission, termed depth thermography, that can remotely measure the temperature distribution beneath the surface of certain objects. Depth thermography utilizes the thermal-emission spectrum…
We present an accelerated algorithm that samples correctly the thermodynamic ensemble in complex systems where the dynamics is controlled by activation barriers. The efficiency of the thermodynamically-weighted activation-relaxation…
Exact analytical expressions in terms of generalized confluent hypergeometric functions for the transition amplitudes of neutrino oscillations in presence of matter are computed for an arbitrary number of species. The density of matter is…
In this paper, a simple algorithm for detailed system-level thermal noise analysis is developed, demonstrated, and verified. This method uses noise-wave theory and noise covariance matrices to cascade noise and scattering parameters of…
The paper describes a method for measuring the thermal diffusivity of materials having a high thermal conductivity. The apparatus is rather simple and low-cost, being therefore suitable in a laboratory for undergraduate students of…
We study thermal axion production around the confinement scale. At higher temperatures, we extend current calculations to account for the masses of heavy quarks, whereas we quantify production via hadron scattering at lower temperatures.…
Photons preferentially Compton scatter perpendicular to the plane of polarisation. This property can be exploited to design instruments to measure the linear polarisation of hard X-rays ($\sim$10 - 100 keV). Photons may undergo two…
For quantum many-body systems in one dimension, computational complexity theory reveals that the evaluation of ground-state energy remains elusive on quantum computers, contrasting the existence of a classical algorithm for temperatures…