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Self-supervised pre-training of transformer models has revolutionized NLP applications. Such pre-training with language modeling objectives provides a useful initial point for parameters that generalize well to new tasks with fine-tuning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Trapit Bansal , Rishikesh Jha , Tsendsuren Munkhdalai , Andrew McCallum

Fine-tuning a deep network trained with the standard cross-entropy loss is a strong baseline for few-shot learning. When fine-tuned transductively, this outperforms the current state-of-the-art on standard datasets such as Mini-ImageNet,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Guneet S. Dhillon , Pratik Chaudhari , Avinash Ravichandran , Stefano Soatto

Instruction Tuning (IT) has been proven to be an effective approach to unlock the powerful capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent studies indicate that excessive IT data can degrade LLMs performance, while carefully selecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xin Chen , Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Zeyu Wu , Min Yang , Shujian Huang , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Overparameterized large-scale language models have impressive generalization performance of in-context few-shot learning. However, most language models allocate the same amount of parameters or computation to each token, disregarding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Dewen Zeng , Nan Du , Tao Wang , Yuanzhong Xu , Tao Lei , Zhifeng Chen , Claire Cui

Instruction-based text editing is increasingly critical for real-world applications such as code editors (e.g., Cursor), but Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to struggle with this task. Unlike free-form generation, editing requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yiming Zeng , Jinghan Cao , Zexin Li , Wanhao Yu , Zhankai Ye , Dawei Xiang , Ting Hua , Xin Liu , Shangqian Gao , Tingting Yu

In this paper, we explore the role of Instance Normalization in low-level vision tasks. Specifically, we present a novel block: Half Instance Normalization Block (HIN Block), to boost the performance of image restoration networks. Based on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Liangyu Chen , Xin Lu , Jie Zhang , Xiaojie Chu , Chengpeng Chen

Instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) has gained attention from researchers due to its ability to unlock the potential of LLMs in following instructions. While instruction tuning offers advantages for facilitating the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Hao Chen , Yiming Zhang , Qi Zhang , Hantao Yang , Xiaomeng Hu , Xuetao Ma , Yifan Yanggong , Junbo Zhao

We present a new method LiST is short for Lite Prompted Self-Training for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) for few-shot learning. LiST improves over recent methods that adopt prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Yaqing Wang , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Gao , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Jianfeng Gao

To build light-weight network, we propose a new normalization, Fine-grained Batch Normalization (FBN). Different from Batch Normalization (BN), which normalizes the final summation of the weighted inputs, FBN normalizes the intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Chunjie Luo , Jianfeng Zhan , Lei Wang , Wanling Gao

With the growing interest in pretrained vision-language models like CLIP, recent research has focused on adapting these models to downstream tasks. Despite achieving promising results, most existing methods require labeled data for all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Zhengbo Wang , Jian Liang , Ran He , Nan Xu , Zilei Wang , Tieniu Tan

Few-shot learning aims to learn classifiers for new classes with only a few training examples per class. Most existing few-shot learning approaches belong to either metric-based meta-learning or optimization-based meta-learning category,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Duo Wang , Yu Cheng , Mo Yu , Xiaoxiao Guo , Tao Zhang

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks is often necessary to optimize their performance. However, a major obstacle is the limited availability of labeled data. We study the use of pseudolabels, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Cristina Menghini , Andrew Delworth , Stephen H. Bach

Accurate modeling of personalized cardiovascular dynamics is crucial for non-invasive monitoring and therapy planning. State-of-the-art physics-informed neural network (PINN) approaches employ deep, multi-branch architectures with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ryan Chappell , Chayan Banerjee , Kien Nguyen , Clinton Fookes

Prompt tuning, which only tunes continuous prompts with a frozen language model, substantially reduces per-task storage and memory usage at training. However, in the context of NLU, prior work reveals that prompt tuning does not perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Xiao Liu , Kaixuan Ji , Yicheng Fu , Weng Lam Tam , Zhengxiao Du , Zhilin Yang , Jie Tang

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated impressive zero-shot capabilities for various downstream tasks. Their performance can be further enhanced through few-shot prompt tuning methods. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhi Zhou , Ming Yang , Jiang-Xin Shi , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

In the evolving landscape of machine learning, the adaptation of pre-trained models through prompt tuning has become increasingly prominent. This trend is particularly observable in the graph domain, where diverse pre-training strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junhyun Lee , Wooseong Yang , Jaewoo Kang

Prompt learning has become a prevalent strategy for adapting vision-language foundation models to downstream tasks. As large language models (LLMs) have emerged, recent studies have explored the use of category-related descriptions as input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , De Cheng , Dongsheng Li , Cairong Zhao

Instruction tuning is critical to improve LLMs but usually suffers from low-quality and redundant data. Data filtering for instruction tuning has proved important in improving both the efficiency and performance of the tuning process. But…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ming Li , Yong Zhang , Shwai He , Zhitao Li , Hongyu Zhao , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Tianyi Zhou

Many targets are often very small in infrared images due to the long-distance imaging meachnism. UNet and its variants, as popular detection backbone networks, downsample the local features early and cause the irreversible loss of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Wuzhou Quan , Wei Zhao , Weiming Wang , Haoran Xie , Fu Lee Wang , Mingqiang Wei

Finetuning a pretrained model has become a standard approach for training neural networks on novel tasks, resulting in fast convergence and improved performance. In this work, we study an alternative finetuning method, where instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Gal Kaplun , Andrey Gurevich , Tal Swisa , Mazor David , Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Eran Malach