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Machine learning generated content such as image artworks, textual poems and music become prominent in recent years. These tools attract much attention from the media, artists, researchers, and investors. Because these tools are…
In practice, incentive providers (i.e., principals) often cannot observe the reward realizations of incentivized agents, which is in contrast to many principal-agent models that have been previously studied. This information asymmetry…
The Mizar Mathematical Library (MML) is a large corpus of formalised mathematical knowledge. It has been constructed over the course of many years by a large number of authors and maintainers. Yet the legal status of these efforts of the…
Arvo P\"art is one of the most popular contemporary composers, known for his highly original tintinnabuli style. Works in this style are typically composed according to precise procedures and have even been described as algorithmic…
For concertgoers, musical interpretation is the most important factor in determining whether or not we enjoy a classical performance. Every performance includes mistakes -- intonation issues, a lost note, an unpleasant sound -- but these…
The multi-armed bandit problem is a classical decision-making problem where an agent has to learn an optimal action balancing exploration and exploitation. Properly managing this trade-off requires a correct assessment of uncertainty; in…
The songwriting duo of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, the two founding members of the Beatles, composed some of the most popular and memorable songs of the last century. Despite having authored songs under the joint credit agreement of…
This dialogue took place at V\"axj\"o, 19 November 2001. The main aim of our meeting in V\"axj\"o was to clarify our viewpoints on foundations of quantum mechanics. The most attractive in our discussion was the extreme difference in our…
The famous Kazhdan-Lusztig Conjecture of the 1970s states that the multiplicity of an irreducible composition factor of a Verma module can be computed by evaluating Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials at 1. Thus the character of a Verma module is a…
Authorship identification is a process in which the author of a text is identified. Most known literary texts can easily be attributed to a certain author because they are, for example, signed. Yet sometimes we find unfinished pieces of…
By using the theory of vertex operator algebras, we gave a new proof of the famous Ramanujan's modulus 5 modular equation from his "Lost Notebook" (p.139 in \cite{R}). Furthermore, we obtained an infinite list of $q$-identities for all odd…
In his seminal paper ``Computing Machinery and Intelligence'', Alan Turing introduced the ``imitation game'' as part of exploring the concept of machine intelligence. The Turing Test has since been the subject of much analysis, debate,…
Given an integer-valued matrix $A$ of dimension $\ell \times k$ and an integer-valued vector $b$ of dimension $\ell$, the Maker-Breaker $(A,b)$-game on a set of integers $X$ is the game where Maker and Breaker take turns claiming previously…
Games are a simplified model of reality and often serve as a favored platform for Artificial Intelligence (AI) research. Much of the research is concerned with game-playing agents and their decision making processes. The game of Guandan…
The availability of quantitative text analysis methods has provided new ways of analyzing literature in a manner that was not available in the pre-information era. Here we apply comprehensive machine learning analysis to the work of William…
This paper presents a solution to the Knights and Spies Problem: In a room there are n people, each labelled with a unique number between 1 and n. A person may either be a knight or a spy. Knights always tell the truth, while spies may…
The Japanese writing system is complex, with three character types of Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji. Kanji consists of thousands of unique characters, further adding to the complexity of character identification and literature…
The impartial combinatorial game Kayles is played on a row of pins, with players taking turns removing either a single pin or two adjacent pins. A natural partizan variation is to allow one player to remove only a single pin and the other…
Identification and analysis of symmetrical patterns in the natural world have led to significant discoveries across various scientific fields, such as the formulation of gravitational laws in physics and advancements in the study of…
With an ever-increasing amount of open source software, the popularity of services like GitHub that facilitate code reuse, and common misconceptions about the licensing of open source software, the problem of license violations in the code…