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Code-switching refers to the usage of two languages within a sentence or discourse. It is a global phenomenon among multilingual communities and has emerged as an independent area of research. With the increasing demand for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Ganji Sreeram , Kunal Dhawan , Rohit Sinha

Human language is firstly spoken and only secondarily written. Text, however, is a very convenient and efficient representation of language, and modern civilization has made it ubiquitous. Thus the field of NLP has overwhelmingly focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Grzegorz Chrupała

Signed languages are the primary means of communication for many deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Since signed languages exhibit all the fundamental linguistic properties of natural language, we believe that tools and theories of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Kayo Yin , Amit Moryossef , Julie Hochgesang , Yoav Goldberg , Malihe Alikhani

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable information systems to learn from a continuous data stream across time. However, it is difficult for existing deep learning architectures to learn a new task without largely forgetting previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Magdalena Biesialska , Katarzyna Biesialska , Marta R. Costa-jussà

Code-switching, or switching between languages, occurs for many reasons and has important linguistic, sociological, and cultural implications. Multilingual speakers code-switch for a variety of purposes, such as expressing emotions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Ritu Belani , Jeffrey Flanigan

Recent improvement in large language models, open doors for certain new experiences for on-device applications which were not possible before. In this work, we propose 3 such new experiences in 2 categories. First we discuss experiences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Naman Goyal

Multilingual speakers tend to alternate between languages within a conversation, a phenomenon referred to as "code-switching" (CS). CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic challenges, but also contains a great deal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Injy Hamed , Alia El Bolock , Nader Rizk , Cornelia Herbert , Slim Abdennadher , Ngoc Thang Vu

This survey provides an overview of the challenges of misspellings in natural language processing (NLP). While often unintentional, misspellings have become ubiquitous in digital communication, especially with the proliferation of Web 2.0,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Gianluca Sperduti , Alejandro Moreo

Recent work in natural language processing (NLP) has yielded appealing results from scaling model parameters and training data; however, using only scale to improve performance means that resource consumption also grows. Such resources…

Text style transfer is a hot issue in recent natural language processing,which mainly studies the text to adapt to different specific situations, audiences and purposes by making some changes. The style of the text usually includes many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Xiangyang Li , Guo Pu , Keyu Ming , Pu Li , Jie Wang , Yuxuan Wang

Deep learning has been the mainstream technique in natural language processing (NLP) area. However, the techniques require many labeled data and are less generalizable across domains. Meta-learning is an arising field in machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Hung-yi Lee , Shang-Wen Li , Ngoc Thang Vu

Stereotypes influence social perceptions and can escalate into discrimination and violence. While NLP research has extensively addressed gender bias and hate speech, stereotype detection remains an emerging field with significant societal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Alessandra Teresa Cignarella , Anastasia Giachanou , Els Lefever

The term natural language refers to any system of symbolic communication (spoken, signed or written) without intentional human planning and design. This distinguishes natural languages such as Arabic and Japanese from artificially…

With increasing globalization and immigration, various studies have estimated that about half of the world population is bilingual. Consequently, individuals concurrently use two or more languages or dialects in casual conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Saurav K. Aryal , Howard Prioleau , Gloria Washington

This survey paper proposes a clearer view of natural language reasoning in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), both conceptually and practically. Conceptually, we provide a distinct definition for natural language reasoning in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Fei Yu , Hongbo Zhang , Prayag Tiwari , Benyou Wang

Language models serve as a cornerstone in natural language processing (NLP), utilizing mathematical methods to generalize language laws and knowledge for prediction and generation. Over extensive research spanning decades, language modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zichong Wang , Zhibo Chu , Thang Viet Doan , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang , Wenbin Zhang

In an era of widespread influence of Natural Language Processing (NLP), there have been multiple research efforts to supplant traditional manual coding techniques with automated systems capable of generating solutions autonomously. With…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Namrata Das , Rakshya Panta , Neelam Karki , Ruchi Manandhar , Dinesh Baniya Kshatri

Language Identification (LID) is a core task in multilingual NLP, yet current systems often overfit to clean, monolingual data. This work introduces DIVERS-BENCH, a comprehensive evaluation of state-of-the-art LID models across diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jessica Ojo , Zina Kamel , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

The rise of concern around Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies containing and perpetuating social biases has led to a rich and rapidly growing area of research. Gender bias is one of the central biases being analyzed, but to date…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Hannah Devinney , Jenny Björklund , Henrik Björklund

Research at the intersection of machine learning, programming languages, and software engineering has recently taken important steps in proposing learnable probabilistic models of source code that exploit code's abundance of patterns. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Miltiadis Allamanis , Earl T. Barr , Premkumar Devanbu , Charles Sutton
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