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Numerous neuro-symbolic approaches have recently been proposed typically with the goal of adding symbolic knowledge to the output layer of a neural network. Ideally, such losses maximize the probability that the neural network's predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Kareem Ahmed , Kai-Wei Chang , Guy Van den Broeck

Branch-and-bound (BaB) is among the most effective techniques for neural network (NN) verification. However, existing works on BaB for NN verification have mostly focused on NNs with piecewise linear activations, especially ReLU networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhouxing Shi , Qirui Jin , Zico Kolter , Suman Jana , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Huan Zhang

It has been shown that neural network classifiers are not robust. This raises concerns about their usage in safety-critical systems. We propose in this paper a regularization scheme for ReLU networks which provably improves the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Francesco Croce , Maksym Andriushchenko , Matthias Hein

Verifying the input-output relationships of a neural network so as to achieve some desired performance specification is a difficult, yet important, problem due to the growing ubiquity of neural nets in many engineering applications. We use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Joshua Pilipovsky , Vignesh Sivaramakrishnan , Meeko M. K. Oishi , Panagiotis Tsiotras

We derive exact upper and lower bounds for the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of the output of a neural network (NN) over its entire support subject to noisy (stochastic) inputs. The upper and lower bounds converge to the true cdf…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Andrey Kofnov , Daniel Kapla , Ezio Bartocci , Efstathia Bura

Biologically plausible and energy-efficient frameworks such as Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have not been sufficiently explored in low-level vision tasks. Taking image deraining as an example, this study addresses the representation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shuang Chen , Tomas Krajnik , Farshad Arvin , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei

To deploy and operate deep neural models in production, the quality of their predictions, which might be contaminated benignly or manipulated maliciously by input distributional deviations, must be monitored and assessed. Specifically, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Guy Bar-Shalom , Yonatan Geifman , Ran El-Yaniv

Traditional methods for formal verification (FV) of deep neural networks (DNNs) are constrained by a binary encoding of safety properties, where a model is classified as either safe or unsafe (robust or not robust). This binary encoding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Luca Marzari , Isabella Mastroeni , Alessandro Farinelli

Neural networks (NNs) can achieved high performance in various fields such as computer vision, and natural language processing. However, deploying NNs in resource-constrained safety-critical systems has challenges due to uncertainty in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Soyed Tuhin Ahmed

Uncertainty quantification of neural networks is critical to measuring the reliability and robustness of deep learning systems. However, this often involves costly or inaccurate sampling methods and approximations. This paper presents a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Oren Wright , Yorie Nakahira , José M. F. Moura

We consider the problem of certifying the robustness of deep neural networks against real-world distribution shifts. To do so, we bridge the gap between hand-crafted specifications and realistic deployment settings by proposing a novel…

The numerical solution of differential equations using neural networks has become a central topic in scientific computing, with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) emerging as a powerful paradigm for both forward and inverse problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Kazuaki Tanaka , Kohei Yatabe

Verification of deep neural networks has witnessed a recent surge of interest, fueled by success stories in diverse domains and by abreast concerns about safety and security in envisaged applications. Complexity and sheer size of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Dario Guidotti , Francesco Leofante , Luca Pulina , Armando Tacchella

The expressivity of neural networks as a function of their depth, width and type of activation units has been an important question in deep learning theory. Recently, depth separation results for ReLU networks were obtained via a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Vaggos Chatziafratis , Sai Ganesh Nagarajan , Ioannis Panageas

A fundamental problem of applying Large Language Models (LLMs) to important applications is that LLMs do not always follow instructions, and violations are often hard to observe or check. In LLM-based agentic workflows, such violations can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yiming Su , Kunzhao Xu , Yanjie Gao , Fan Yang , Cheng Li , Mao Yang , Tianyin Xu

When validated neural networks (NNs) are pruned (and retrained) before deployment, it is desirable to prove that the new NN behaves equivalently to the (original) reference NN. To this end, our paper revisits the idea of differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Samuel Teuber , Philipp Kern , Marvin Janzen , Bernhard Beckert

Doubly-selective channel estimation represents a key element in ensuring communication reliability in wireless systems. Due to the impact of multi-path propagation and Doppler interference in dynamic environments, doubly-selective channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Abdul Karim Gizzini , Marwa Chafii

Neural networks are popular and useful in many fields, but they have the problem of giving high confidence responses for examples that are away from the training data. This makes the neural networks very confident in their prediction while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Adrian Barbu , Hongyu Mou

Verification of neural networks enables us to gauge their robustness against adversarial attacks. Verification algorithms fall into two categories: exact verifiers that run in exponential time and relaxed verifiers that are efficient but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Hadi Salman , Greg Yang , Huan Zhang , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Pengchuan Zhang

This paper studies the numerical approximation of divergence-free vector fields by linearized shallow neural networks, also referred to as random feature models or finite neuron spaces. Combining the stable potential lifting for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Juncai He , Xinliang Liu , Zitong Tian