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To mitigate the issue of minimal intrinsic features for pure data-driven methods, in this paper, we propose a novel model-driven deep network for infrared small target detection, which combines discriminative networks and conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Yimian Dai , Yiquan Wu , Fei Zhou , Kobus Barnard

High performance face detection remains a very challenging problem, especially when there exists many tiny faces. This paper presents a novel single-shot face detector, named Selective Refinement Network (SRN), which introduces novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Cheng Chi , Shifeng Zhang , Junliang Xing , Zhen Lei , Stan Z. Li , Xudong Zou

Computer vision researchers have extensively worked on fundamental infrared visual recognition for the past few decades. Among various approaches, deep learning has emerged as the most promising candidate. However, Infrared Small Object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Imad Ali Shah , Fahad Mumtaz Malik , Muhammad Waqas Ashraf

For object detection, the two-stage approach (e.g., Faster R-CNN) has been achieving the highest accuracy, whereas the one-stage approach (e.g., SSD) has the advantage of high efficiency. To inherit the merits of both while overcoming their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Shifeng Zhang , Longyin Wen , Xiao Bian , Zhen Lei , Stan Z. Li

Despite their success in various vision tasks, deep neural network architectures often underperform in out-of-distribution scenarios due to the difference between training and target domain style. To address this limitation, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Robin Gerster , Holger Caesar , Matthias Rapp , Alexander Wolpert , Michael Teutsch

Single-stage detectors suffer from extreme foreground-background class imbalance, while two-stage detectors do not. Therefore, in semi-supervised object detection, two-stage detectors can deliver remarkable performance by only selecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Yueming Zhang , Xingxu Yao , Chao Liu , Feng Chen , Xiaolin Song , Tengfei Xing , Runbo Hu , Hua Chai , Pengfei Xu , Guoshan Zhang

Due to the limitations of optical lens focal length and detector resolution, distant clustered infrared small targets often appear as mixed spots. The Close Small Object Unmixing (CSOU) task aims to recover the number, sub-pixel positions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhiyang Tang , Yiming Zhu , Ruimin Huang , Meng Yang , Yong Ma , Jun Huang , Fan Fan

A major obstacle in instance segmentation is that existing methods often need many per-pixel labels in order to be effective. These labels require large human effort and for certain applications, such labels are not readily available. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Issam H. Laradji , David Vazquez , Mark Schmidt

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is thus critical in both civilian and military applications. This study addresses the challenge of precisely IRSTD in complex backgrounds. Recent methods focus fundamental reliance on conventional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Yuxin Jing , Jufeng Zhao , Tianpei Zhang , Yiming Zhu

Traditional one-shot detection methods have addressed the closed-set problem in object detection, but the high cost of data annotation remains a critical challenge. General unsupervised methods generate pseudo boxes without category labels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yichen Li , Qiankun Liu , Ying Fu

Deep learning has emerged as an effective solution for solving the task of object detection in images but at the cost of requiring large labeled datasets. To mitigate this cost, semi-supervised object detection methods, which consist in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Renaud Vandeghen , Gilles Louppe , Marc Van Droogenbroeck

Most object-level mapping systems in use today make use of an upstream learned object instance segmentation model. If we want to teach them about a new object or segmentation class, we need to build a large dataset and retrain the system.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Nicolas Gorlo , Kenneth Blomqvist , Francesco Milano , Roland Siegwart

While there has been significant progress in object detection using conventional image processing and machine learning algorithms, exploring small and dim target detection in the IR domain is a relatively new area of study. The majority of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Nikhil Kumar , Pravendra Singh

Common object detection models consist of classification and regression branches, due to different task drivers, these two branches have different sensibility to the features from the same scale level and the same spatial location. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Shuaizheng Hao , Hongzhe Liu , Ningwei Wang , Cheng Xu

Supervised contour detection methods usually require many labeled training images to obtain satisfactory performance. However, a large set of annotated data might be unavailable or extremely labor intensive. In this paper, we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-18 Zizhao Zhang , Fuyong Xing , Xiaoshuang Shi , Lin Yang

Current CNN-based infrared small target detection(IRSTD) methods generally overlook the heterogeneity between shallow and deep features, leading to inefficient collaboration between shallow fine grained structural information and deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Taoran Yue , Xiaojin Lu , Jiaxi Cai , Yuanping Chen , Shibing Chu

Semi-supervised Camouflaged Object Detection (SSCOD) aims to reduce reliance on costly pixel-level annotations by leveraging limited annotated data and abundant unlabeled data. However, existing SSCOD methods based on Teacher-Student…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Xihang Hu , Fuming Sun , Jiazhe Liu , Feilong Xu , Xiaoli Zhang

Extreme sensor sparsity makes full-field reconstruction a fundamentally ill-posed problem in scientific sensing,where the goal is to infer physical fields from sparse measurements.In this regime,the posterior is severely underconstrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Letian Yi , Tingpeng Zhang , Mingyuan Zhou , Guannan Wang , Quanke Su , Zhilu Lai

In complex environments, detecting tiny infrared targets has always been challenging because of the low contrast and high noise levels inherent in infrared images. These factors often lead to the loss of crucial details during feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiaojin Lu , Taoran yue , Jiaxi cai , Yuanping Chen , Cuihong Lv , Shibing Chu

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is critical for defense and surveillance but remains challenging due to (1) target loss from minimal features, (2) false alarms in cluttered environments, (3) missed detections from low saliency, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Abdulkarim Atrash , Omar Moured , Yufan Chen , Jiaming Zhang , Seyda Ertekin , Omur Ugur