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The explosive growth of multimodal data has driven the rapid development of multimodal entity linking (MEL) models. However, existing studies have not systematically investigated the impact of visual adversarial attacks on MEL models. We…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Fang Wang , Yongjie Wang , Zonghao Yang , Minghao Hu , Xiaoying Bai

While diffusion models have revolutionized text-to-image generation with their ability to synthesize realistic and diverse scenes, they continue to struggle to generate consistent and legible text within images. This shortcoming is commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tianyu Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Lu Li , Zhenghan Tai , Jijun Chi , Jingrui Tian , Hailin He , Suyuchen Wang

A machine learning model that generalizes well should obtain low errors on unseen test examples. Thus, if we learn an optimal model in training data, it could have better generalization performance in testing tasks. However, learning such a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Penghao Jiang , Xin Ke , ZiFeng Wang , Chunxi Li

Transformer models trained on massive text corpora have become the de facto models for a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, learning effective word representations for function words remains challenging. Multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Shashank Sonkar , Naiming Liu , Richard G. Baraniuk

Existing multi-modal image fusion methods fail to address the compound degradations presented in source images, resulting in fusion images plagued by noise, color bias, improper exposure, \textit{etc}. Additionally, these methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Hao Zhang , Lei Cao , Jiayi Ma

Deep neural networks have shown impressive performance for image-based disease detection. Performance is commonly evaluated through clinical validation on independent test sets to demonstrate clinically acceptable accuracy. Reporting good…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Mobarakol Islam , Zeju Li , Ben Glocker

It is crucial to understand the robustness of text detection models with regard to extensive corruptions, since scene text detection techniques have many practical applications. For systematically exploring this problem, we propose two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Shilian Wu , Wei Zhai , Yongrui Li , Kewei Wang , Zengfu Wang

Modern video-text retrieval (VTR) models excel on in-distribution benchmarks but are highly vulnerable to real-world query shifts, where the distribution of query data deviates from the training domain, leading to a sharp performance drop.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bingqing Zhang , Zhuo Cao , Heming Du , Yang Li , Xue Li , Jiajun Liu , Sen Wang

Vision State Space Models (VSSMs), a novel architecture that combines the strengths of recurrent neural networks and latent variable models, have demonstrated remarkable performance in visual perception tasks by efficiently capturing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Hashmat Shadab Malik , Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Salman Khan

The robustness of multimodal deep learning models to realistic changes in the input text is critical for their applicability to important tasks such as text-to-image retrieval and cross-modal entailment. To measure robustness, several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Shivaen Ramshetty , Gaurav Verma , Srijan Kumar

Before developing a Document Layout Analysis (DLA) model in real-world applications, conducting comprehensive robustness testing is essential. However, the robustness of DLA models remains underexplored in the literature. To address this,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yufan Chen , Jiaming Zhang , Kunyu Peng , Junwei Zheng , Ruiping Liu , Philip Torr , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Recent advances in instruction tuning have led to the development of State-of-the-Art Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). Given the novelty of these models, the impact of visual adversarial attacks on LMMs has not been thoroughly examined. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Xuanming Cui , Alejandro Aparcedo , Young Kyun Jang , Ser-Nam Lim

The rapid proliferation of multimodal generative models has sparked critical discussions on their reliability, fairness and potential for misuse. While text-to-image models excel at producing high-fidelity, user-guided content, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Leonid Sigal , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

The focus of this survey is on the analysis of two modalities of multimodal deep learning: image and text. Unlike classic reviews of deep learning where monomodal image classifiers such as VGG, ResNet and Inception module are central…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Wei Chen , Weiping Wang , Li Liu , Michael S. Lew

Converting different modalities into generalized text, which then serves as input prompts for large language models (LLMs), is a common approach for aligning multimodal models, particularly when pairwise data is limited. Text-centric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yun-Da Tsai , Ting-Yu Yen , Keng-Te Liao , Shou-De Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show impressive vision-language benchmark performance, yet growing concerns about data contamination (test set exposure during training) risk masking true generalization. This concern extends to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ming Liu , Wensheng Zhang

Modern Natural Language Processing (NLP) models are known to be sensitive to input perturbations and their performance can decrease when applied to real-world, noisy data. However, it is still unclear why models are less robust to some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Yunxiang Zhang , Liangming Pan , Samson Tan , Min-Yen Kan

Image-text retrieval, as a fundamental and important branch of information retrieval, has attracted extensive research attentions. The main challenge of this task is cross-modal semantic understanding and matching. Some recent works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Weijing Chen , Linli Yao , Qin Jin

Recently, the vulnerability of deep image classification models to adversarial attacks has been investigated. However, such an issue has not been thoroughly studied for image-to-image tasks that take an input image and generate an output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Jun-Ho Choi , Huan Zhang , Jun-Hyuk Kim , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Jong-Seok Lee

Utilizing a shared embedding space, emerging multimodal models exhibit unprecedented zero-shot capabilities. However, the shared embedding space could lead to new vulnerabilities if different modalities can be misaligned. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shaeke Salman , Md Montasir Bin Shams , Xiuwen Liu