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Related papers: Erasure of Strings and Vortexes

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The unique, conical spacetime created by cosmic strings brings about distinctive gravitational lensing phenomena. The variety of these distinctive phenomena is increased when the strings have non-trivial mutual interactions. In particular,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-29 Benjamin Shlaer , Mark Wyman

Supersymmetry breaking in string perturbation theory predicts the existence of a new dimension at the TeV scale. The simplest realization of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model in the context of this mechanism has two important…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-22 I. Antoniadis , C. Muñoz , M. Quirós

String breaking is an intriguing phenomenon crucial to the understanding of lattice gauge theories (LGTs), with strong relevance to both condensed matter and high-energy physics (HEP). Recent experiments investigating string breaking in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Umberto Borla , Jesse J. Osborne , Sergej Moroz , Jad C. Halimeh

We consider the decay of vortices trapped in the false vacuum of a theory of scalar electrodynamics in 2+1 dimensions. The potential is inspired by models with intermediate symmetry breaking to a metastable vacuum that completely breaks a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Bum-Hoon Lee , Wonwoo Lee , Richard MacKenzie , M. B. Paranjape , U. A. Yajnik , Dong-han Yeom

With the advent of advanced quantum processors capable of probing lattice gauge theories (LGTs) in higher spatial dimensions, it is crucial to understand string dynamics in such models to guide upcoming experiments and to make connections…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-07-03 Kaidi Xu , Umberto Borla , Sergej Moroz , Jad C. Halimeh

It has been suggested that cosmological dark matter may include a population of vortons (meaning small centrifugally stabilised cosmic string loops) as an outcome of (non-standard) electroweak symmetry breaking. The implications for this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Carter

Starting from three-dimensional nonlinear elasticity under the restriction of incompressibility, we derive reduced models to capture the behavior of strings in response to external forces. Our $\Gamma$-convergence analysis of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Dominik Engl , Carolin Kreisbeck

When high energy strings scatter at fixed angle, their amplitudes characteristically fall off exponentially with energy, ${\cal A} \sim \exp(-s \times const.)$. We show that in a compact space this suppression disappears for certain…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Paul F. Mende

Cosmic string loops contain cusps which decay by emitting bursts of particles. A significant fraction of the released energy is in the form of photons. These photons are injected non-thermally and can hence cause spectral distortions of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-23 Madeleine Anthonisen , Robert Brandenberger , Alex Laguë , Ian A. Morrison , Daixi Xia

Thermal inflation was proposed as a mechanism to dilute the density of cosmological moduli. Thermal inflation is driven by a complex scalar field possessing a large vacuum expectation value and a very flat potential, called a `flaton'. Such…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-13 Robert Brandenberger , Aline Favero

The non-compact lattice version of the Abelian Higgs model is studied in terms of its topological excitations. The Villain form of the partition function is represented as a sum over world-sheets of gauge-invariant ``vortex'' strings. The…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-10-28 Michael Chavel

Cosmic strings, as topological spacetime defects, show striking resemblance to defects in solid continua: distortions, which can be classified into disclinations and dislocations, are line-like defects characterized by a delta…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Roland A. Puntigam , Harald H. Soleng

We further investigate center vortex percolation and Coulomb gauge remnant symmetry breaking in the SU(2) gauge-Higgs model. We show that string breaking is visible in Polyakov line correlators on the center projected lattice, that our…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Greensite , S. Olejnik

We find solutions of Einstein's field equation for topologically stable strings associated with the breaking of a U(1) symmetry. Strings form in many GUTs and are expected whenever the homotopy group $\Pi_1(M_0)$ is non-trivial. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Charles C. Dyer , Francine R. Marleau

The emission and absorption of gravitational waves and massless particles of an infinitely long straight cosmic string with finite thickness are studied. It is shown in a general term that the back reaction of the emission and absorption…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-07 M. L. Bedran , E. M. de Sá , Anzhong Wang , Yumei Wu

We investigate the microphysics of cosmic strings in Nonabelian gauge theories with N=1 supersymmetry. We give the vortex solutions in a specific example and demonstrate that fermionic superconductivity arises because of the couplings and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 Stephen C. Davis , Anne C. Davis , Mark Trodden

Scalar electrodynamics can be used to investigate the formation of cosmic strings in the early universe. We present the results of lattice Monte Carlo simulations of an effective three-dimensional U(1)+Higgs theory that describes the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Rajantie , K. Kajantie , M. Karjalainen , M. Laine , J. Peisa

We report the first large scale numerical study of the dynamics of the second order phase transition of a U(1) $\lambda \phi^4$ theory in three spatial dimensions. The transition is induced by a time-dependent temperature drop in the heat…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Nuno D. Antunes , Luis M. A. Bettencourt , Wojciech H. Zurek

In this paper we discuss symmetry breaking in string theory. Spacetime symmetries are implemented as inner automorphisms of the underlying superconformal algebra. Conserved currents generate unbroken spacetime symmetries. As we deform the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 Ioannis Giannakis

In phase transitions, mesoscale structures such as topological defects, vortex strings, and domain walls control the path towards equilibrium, and thus the functional properties of many active devices. In photoinduced phase transitions…