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We present high resolution transmission spectra of giant planet atmospheres from a coupled 3-D atmospheric dynamics and transmission spectrum model that includes Doppler shifts which arise from winds and planetary motion. We model jovian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Rosalba Perna , Kevin Heng

Of the 342 planets discovered so far orbiting other stars, 58 "transit" the stellar disk, meaning that they can be detected by a periodic decrease in the starlight flux. The light from the star passes through the atmosphere of the planet,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Enric Palle , Maria Rosa Zapatero Osorio , Pilar Montanes-Rodriguez , Rafael Barrena , Eduardo L. Martin

The spectrum of an exoplanet reveals the physical, chemical, and biological processes that have shaped its history and govern its future. However, observations of exoplanet spectra are complicated by the overwhelming glare of their host…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 J. L. Birkby

Transmission spectroscopy of Earth-like exoplanets is a potential tool for habitability screening. Transiting planets are present-day "Rosetta Stones" for understanding extrasolar planets because they offer the possibility to characterize…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 L. Kaltenegger , W. A. Traub

The light curve of an exoplanetary transit can be used to estimate the planetary radius and other parameters of interest. Because accurate parameter estimation is a non-analytic and computationally intensive problem, it is often useful to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Joshua A. Carter , Jennifer C. Yee , Jason Eastman , B. Scott Gaudi , Joshua N. Winn

Atmospheres of transiting extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) such as HD 209458 b must impose features on the spectra of their parent stars during transits; these features contain information about the physical conditions and chemical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Timothy M. Brown

The technique of transmission spectroscopy -- the variation of the planetary radius with wavelength due to opacity sources in the planet's terminator region -- has been to date one of the most successful in the characterization of exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-04 Néstor Espinoza , Kathryn Jones

We describe how the accurate characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres in the ELT and JWST era will inevitably require taking into consideration the stellar inhomogeneities caused by convection and magnetic fields. The existing evidence…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-15 Adam F. Kowalski , Karel Schrijver , Valentin Martinez Pillet , Serena Criscuoli

The weak orbital-phase dependent reflection signal of an exoplanet contains information on the planet surface, such as the distribution of continents and oceans on terrestrial planets. This light curve is usually studied in the time domain,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 P. M. Visser , F. J. van de Bult

We have added to the Chroma+ suite of stellar atmosphere and spectrum modelling codes the ability to synthesize the exo-planet transit lightcurve for planets of arbitrary size up to 10% of the host stellar radius, and arbitrary planetary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-26 C. Ian Short

New-generation spectrographs dedicated to the study of exoplanetary atmospheres require a high accuracy in the atmospheric models to better interpret the input spectra. Thanks to space missions, the observed spectra will cover a large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-02 Tiziano Zingales , Aurélien Falco , William Pluriel , Jérémy Leconte

The large number of new planets expected from wide-area transit surveys means that follow-up transmission spectroscopy studies of their atmospheres will be limited by the availability of telescope assets. We argue that telescopes covering a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 J. S. Morgan , E. Kerins , S. Awiphan , I. McDonald , J. J. Hayes , S. Komonjinda , D. Mkritchian , N. Sanguansak

Spectral retrieval has long been a powerful tool for interpreting planetary remote sensing observations. Flexible, parameterised, agnostic models are coupled with inversion algorithms in order to infer atmospheric properties directly from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-08 Joanna K. Barstow , Kevin Heng

[Abridged] The transmission of light through a planetary atmosphere can be studied as a function of altitude and wavelength using stellar or solar occultations, giving often unique constraints on the atmospheric composition. For exoplanets,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 R. J. de Kok , D. M. Stam

Exoplanets, and in particular hot ones such as hot Jupiters, require a very significant quantities of molecular spectroscopic data to model radiative transport in their atmospheres or to interpret their spectra. This data is commonly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-27 Christian Hill , Sergei N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

High-resolution spectroscopy (R $\ge$ 20,000) at near-infrared wavelengths can be used to investigate the composition, structure, and circulation patterns of exoplanet atmospheres. However, up to now it has been the exclusive dominion of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 M. Brogi , P. Giacobbe , G. Guilluy , R. J. de Kok , A. Sozzetti , L. Mancini , A. S. Bonomo

Exploring exoplanets has transformed our understanding of the universe by revealing many planetary systems that defy our current understanding. To study their atmospheres, spectroscopic observations are used to infer essential atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 Flavio Giobergia , Alkis Koudounas , Elena Baralis

We propose a new data analysis method for obtaining transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres and brightness variation across the stellar disk from transit observations. The new method is capable of recovering exoplanet atmosphere…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 Erik Aronson , Nikolai Piskunov

With the rapid developments in the exoplanet field, more and more terrestrial exoplanets are being detected. Characterising their atmospheres using transit observations will become a key datum in the quest for detecting an Earth-like…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Fei Yan , Robert A. E. Fosbury , Monika G. Petr-Gotzens , Gang Zhao , Wei Wang , Liang Wang , Yujuan Liu , Enric Pallé

Transmission spectroscopy has proven to be an effective technique for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres. However, transmission spectroscopy requires planetary transits, which occur for only a small fraction of planetary systems due to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-24 Parvathy Menon , Sivarani T , Sriram S , Manjunath Bestha , Devika K Divakar , Rajaguru S P , Arun Surya