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We use information from higher order moments to achieve identification of non-Gaussian structural vector autoregressive moving average (SVARMA) models, possibly non-fundamental or non-causal, through a frequency domain criterion based on a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-10 Carlos Velasco

This paper analyzes identifiability properties of structural vector autoregressive moving average (SVARMA) models driven by independent and non-Gaussian shocks. It is well known, that SVARMA models driven by Gaussian errors are not…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-10-10 Bernd Funovits

An old problem in multivariate statistics is that linear Gaussian models are often unidentifiable, i.e. some parameters cannot be uniquely estimated. In factor (component) analysis, an orthogonal rotation of the factors is unidentifiable,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-04 Aapo Hyvärinen , Ilyes Khemakhem , Ricardo Monti

We consider graphical models based on a recursive system of linear structural equations. This implies that there is an ordering, $\sigma$, of the variables such that each observed variable $Y_v$ is a linear function of a variable specific…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-28 Y. Samuel Wang , Mathias Drton

Linear non-Gaussian causal models postulate that each random variable is a linear function of parent variables and non-Gaussian exogenous error terms. We study identification of the linear coefficients when such models contain latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-05 Daniele Tramontano , Mathias Drton , Jalal Etesami

The estimation of linear causal models (also known as structural equation models) from data is a well-known problem which has received much attention in the past. Most previous work has, however, made an explicit or implicit assumption of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Patrik O. Hoyer , Shohei Shimizu , Antti J. Kerminen

Dimension reduction is a common strategy in multivariate data analysis which seeks a subspace which contains all interesting features needed for the subsequent analysis. Non-Gaussian component analysis attempts for this purpose to divide…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-01 Una Radojicic , Klaus Nordhausen

The statistical dependencies which independent component analysis (ICA) cannot remove often provide rich information beyond the linear independent components. It would thus be very useful to estimate the dependency structure from data.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-28 Hiroaki Sasaki , Michael U. Gutmann , Hayaru Shouno , Aapo Hyvärinen

We consider the problem of inferring the causal structure from observational data, especially when the structure is sparse. This type of problem is usually formulated as an inference of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) model. The linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-21 Kazuharu Harada , Hironori Fujisawa

A linear non-Gaussian structural equation model called LiNGAM is an identifiable model for exploratory causal analysis. Previous methods estimate a causal ordering of variables and their connection strengths based on a single dataset.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-12-01 Shohei Shimizu

We consider linear non-Gaussian structural equation models that involve latent confounding. In this setting, the causal structure is identifiable, but, in general, it is not possible to identify the specific causal effects. Instead, a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-12 Daniela Schkoda , Elina Robeva , Mathias Drton

Causal discovery with latent variables is a fundamental task. Yet most existing methods rely on strong structural assumptions, such as enforcing specific indicator patterns for latents or restricting how they can interact with others. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Haoyue Dai , Immanuel Albrecht , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

For general non-Gaussian distributions, the covariance and precision matrices do not encode the independence structure of the variables, as they do for the multivariate Gaussian. This paper builds on previous work to show that for a class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Ujas Shah , Manuel Lladser , Rebecca Morrison

We consider identifiability of partially linear additive structural equation models with Gaussian noise (PLSEMs) and estimation of distributionally equivalent models to a given PLSEM. Thereby, we also include robustness results for errors…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-15 Dominik Rothenhäusler , Jan Ernest , Peter Bühlmann

In a variety of disciplines such as social sciences, psychology, medicine and economics, the recorded data are considered to be noisy measurements of latent variables connected by some causal structure. This corresponds to a family of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Ricardo Silva , Robert B. Gramacy

In a variety of disciplines such as social sciences, psychology, medicine and economics, the recorded data are considered to be noisy measurements of latent variables connected by some causal structure. This corresponds to a family of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-03-15 Ricardo Silva , Robert B. Gramacy

The field of causal discovery develops model selection methods to infer cause-effect relations among a set of random variables. For this purpose, different modelling assumptions have been proposed to render cause-effect relations…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-09 Daniela Schkoda , Mathias Drton

We propose a large structural VAR which is identified by higher moments without the need to impose economically motivated restrictions. The model scales well to higher dimensions, allowing the inclusion of a larger number of variables. We…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-24 Jan Prüser

Instrumental variable (IV) methods rely critically on the exclusion restriction, which is untestable in exactly-identified models under standard assumptions. We propose a framework combining IV analysis with the LiNGAM method to test this…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-17 Fernando Delbianco

In this paper, we prove that some Gaussian structural equation models with dependent errors having equal variances are identifiable from their corresponding Gaussian distributions. Specifically, we prove identifiability for the Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-30 Jose M. Peña
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