English
Related papers

Related papers: Optimality Despite Chaos in Fee Markets

200 papers

Transaction fee plays an important role in determining the priority of transaction processing in public blockchain systems. Owing to the observability of unconfirmed transactions, a strategic user can postpone his transaction broadcasting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Qianlan Bai , Yuedong Xu , Zhijian Zhou , Xin Wang

This paper studies the optimal transaction fee mechanisms for blockchains, focusing on the distinction between price-based ($\mathcal{P}$) and quantity-based ($\mathcal{Q}$) controls. By analyzing factors such as demand uncertainty,…

General Economics · Economics 2025-02-26 Abdoulaye Ndiaye

Public blockchains implement a fee mechanism to allocate scarce computational resources across competing transactions. Most existing fee market designs utilize a joint, fungible unit of account (e.g., gas in Ethereum) to price otherwise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Theo Diamandis , Alex Evans , Tarun Chitra , Guillermo Angeris

As 6G networks evolve, inter-provider agreements become crucial for dynamic resource sharing and network slicing across multiple domains, requiring on-demand capacity provisioning while enabling trustworthy interaction among diverse…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Farhana Javed , Josep Mangues-Bafalluy

Mining processes of Bitcoin and similar cryptocurrencies are currently incentivized with voluntary transaction fees and fixed block rewards which will halve gradually to zero. In the setting where optional and arbitrary transaction fee…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Tiantian Gong , Mohsen Minaei , Wenhai Sun , Aniket Kate

Mechanisms for decentralized finance on blockchains suffer from various problems, including suboptimal price execution for users, latency, and a worse user experience compared to their centralized counterparts. Recently, off-chain…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Tarun Chitra , Kshitij Kulkarni , Mallesh Pai , Theo Diamandis

Price benchmarks are used to incorporate market price trends into contracts, but their use can create opportunities for manipulation by parties involved in the contract. This paper examines this issue using a realistic and tractable model…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-30 Ángel Hernando-Veciana

Consensus protocols are currently the bottlenecks that prevent blockchain systems from scaling. However, we argue that transaction execution is also important to the performance and security of blockchains. In other words, there are ample…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Daniël Reijsbergen , Tien Tuan Anh Dinh

High-frequency trading, in both traditional and decentralized markets, induces latency races and redundant order flow as traders spend resources to win time-sensitive opportunities. We show that auctioning artificial time priority can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Agostino Capponi , Brian Zhu

Bitcoin transaction fees will become more important as the block subsidy declines, but fee formation is hard to study with blockchain data alone because the relevant queueing environment is unobserved. We develop and estimate a structural…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Daniel Aronoff , Kristian Praizner , Armin Sabouri

Block space on the blockchain is scarce and must be allocated efficiently through block building. However, Ethereum's current block-building ecosystem, MEV-Boost, has become highly centralized due to integration, which distorts competition,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Mengqian Zhang , Sen Yang , Kartik Nayak , Fan Zhang

An emerging blockchain protocol design pattern leverages the asymmetry between the computational effort in performing versus verifying tasks. For example, cryptographic validity proofs (e.g., SNARKS) require the prover to expend significant…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Maryam Bahrani , Michael Neuder , S. Matthew Weinberg

Blockchain's economic value lies in enabling financial and economic transactions without relying on trusted, centralized intermediaries. In practice, however, transactions pass through a fragmented chain of intermediaries before being…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-05 Andrea Canidio , Vabuk Pahari

Ethereum's Gas mechanism attempts to set transaction fees in accordance with the computational cost of transaction execution: a cost borne by default by every node on the network to ensure correct smart contract execution. Gas encourages…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Renlord Yang , Toby Murray , Paul Rimba , Udaya Parampalli

Most public blockchain protocols, including the popular Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains, do not formally specify the order in which miners should select transactions from the pool of pending (or uncommitted) transactions for inclusion in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Johnnatan Messias , Mohamed Alzayat , Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran , Krishna P. Gummadi , Patrick Loiseau , Alan Mislove

We consider an increasingly popular demand-response scenario where a user schedules the flexible electric vehicle (EV) charging load in response to real-time electricity prices. The objective is to minimize the total charging cost with user…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Hanling Yi , Qiulin Lin , Minghua Chen

Bitcoin is currently subject to a significant pay-for-speed trade-off. This is caused by lengthy and highly variable transaction confirmation times, especially during times of congestion. Users can reduce their transaction confirmation…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-28 Rowel Gündlach , Ivo V. Stoepker , Stella Kapodistria , Jacques A. C. Resing

Several recent proposals implicitly or explicitly suggest making use of randomized transaction ordering within a block to mitigate centralization effects and to improve fairness in the Ethereum ecosystem. However, transactions and blocks…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jan Droll

Payment channels networks drastically increase the throughput and hence scalability of blockchains by performing transactions \emph{off-chain}. In an off-chain payment, parties deposit coins in a channel and then perform transactions…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Yuup van Engelshoven , Stefanie Roos

Public blockchains group submitted transactions into batches, called blocks. A natural question is how to determine which transactions are included in these batches. In this note, we show a gap between the welfare of so-called `fair'…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-15 Theo Diamandis , Guillermo Angeris