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Valley degree of freedom besides spin is a promising candidate as a carrier of information. Spintronics has come a long way and spin modulation can be realized by quantum interference and spin-orbit coupling effect. However, the control of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Hui-Ying Mu , Nie-Wei Wang , Ying-Na Du , Xing-Tao An , Jian-Jun Liu

We introduce the concept of valley-layer coupling (VLC) in two-dimensional materials, where the low-energy electronic states in the emergent valleys have valley-contrasted layer polarization such that each state is spatially localized on…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Zhi-Ming Yu , Shan Guan , Xian-Lei Sheng , Weibo Gao , Shengyuan A. Yang

We show that the optical excitation of graphene with polarized light leads to the pure valley current where carriers in the valleys counterflow. The current in each valley originates from asymmetry of optical transitions and electron…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 L. E. Golub , S. A. Tarasenko , M. V. Entin , L. I. Magarill

Valleytronics, that uses the valley index or valley pseudospin to encode information, has emerged as an interesting field of research in two-dimensional (2D) systems with promising device applications. Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-08-14 Sutapa Chattopadhyay , Anjali Kshirsagar

The electron's charge and spin degrees of freedom are at the core of modern electronic devices. With the in-depth investigation of two-dimensional materials, another degree of freedom, valley, has also attracted tremendous research…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-09-06 Ping Li , Bang Liu , Wei-Xi Zhang , Zhi-Xin Guo

We show that Floquet engineering with circularly polarized light (CPL) can selectively split the valley degeneracy of a twisted multilayer graphene (TMG), and thus generate a controlled valley-polarized Floquet Chern flat band with tunable…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Ming Lu , Jiang Zeng , Haiwen Liu , Jin-Hua Gao , X. C. Xie

The coherent spin-polarized electron transport through a zigzag-edge graphene flake (ZGF), sandwiched between two semi-infinite armchair graphene nanoribbons, is investigated by means of Landauer-Buttiker formalism. To study the edge…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Saffarzadeh , R. Farghadan

Graphene electrons feature a pair of massless Dirac cones of opposite pseudospin chirality at two valleys. Klein tunneling refers to the intriguing capability of these chiral electrons to penetrate through high and wide potential barrier.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 Xing-Tao An , Wang Yao

Device stability is essential for quantum information technologies, where reliable control of electronic states is crucial. Diamond valleytronics offers a promising platform by exploiting the valley degree of freedom to store and manipulate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Nattakarn Suntornwipat , Jan Isberg , Saman Majdi

Mechanical deformations in $\alpha$-$\mathcal{T}_3$ lattices induce local pseudomagnetic fields of opposite directionality for different valleys. When this strain is equipped with a dynamical drive, it generates a complementary…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Alexander Filusch , Holger Fehske

Valleytronics is a rising topic to explore the emergent degree of freedom for charge carriers in energy band edges and has attracted a great interest due to many intriguing quantum phenomena and potential application in information…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-01-11 Zhigang Song , Xiaotian Sun , Jingshan Qi , Yangyang Wang , Jiaxin Zheng , Feng Pan , Man-Hong Yung , Jinbo Yang , Jing Lu

The valley degeneracy of electron states in graphene stimulates intensive research of valley-related optical and transport phenomena. While many proposals on how to manipulate valley states have been put forward, experimental access to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-17 L. E. Golub , S. A. Tarasenko

Valley magnetic moments play a crucial role in valleytronics in 2D hexagonal materials. Traditionally, based on studies of quantum states in homogeneous bulks, it is widely believed that only materials with broken structural inversion…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-09-04 Zheng-Han Huang , Feng-Wu Chen , Yu-Shu G. Wu

Motivated by recent experiments in weakly hybridized small-angle twisted bilayer graphene, we investigate how valley imbalance affects the viscosity of two-dimensional Dirac fluids. We show that shifting the two low-energy Dirac cones…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Alexey Ermakov , Alessandro Principi

Optical properties of semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides have received a lot of attention in recent years, following the discovery of the valley selective optical population of either $K_{+}$ or $ K_{-}$ valleys at…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-17 Andrey Geondzhian , Angel Rubio , Massimo Altarelli

We address the intrinsic polarisation and screening of external electric field in a broad range of ordered and twisted configurations of multilayer graphene, using an ab initio approach combining density functional theory and the Wannier…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-11 Nikita V. Tepliakov , QuanSheng Wu , Oleg V. Yazyev

Valleytronics, which makes use of the two valleys in graphenes, attracts considerable attention and a valley filter is expected to be the central component in valleytronics. We propose the application of the graphene valley filter using…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Mitsuharu Uemoto , Masaki Nishiura , Tomoya Ono

The emerging field of valleytronics harnesses the valley degree of freedom of electrons, akin to how electronic and spintronic devices utilize the charge and spin degrees of freedom of electrons respectively. The engineering of valleytronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Kok Wai Lee , Pei-Hao Fu , Jun-Feng Liu , Ching Hua Lee , Yee Sin Ang

Among its many outstanding properties, graphene supports terahertz surface plasma waves -- sub-wavelength charge density oscillations connected with electromagnetic fields that are tightly localized near the surface[1,2]. When these waves…

The unique atomic monolayer structure of graphene gives rise to a broad range of remarkable mechanical folding properties. However, significant challenges remain in effectively harnessing them in a controllable and scalable manner. In this…