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Absorption, scattering, and turbulence experienced in underwater channels severely limit the range of quantum communications. In this paper, to overcome range limitations, we investigate a multi-hop underwater quantum key distribution (QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Amir Hossein Fahim Raouf , Majid Safari , Murat Uysal

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a pioneering quantum technology on the brink of widespread deployment. Nevertheless, the distribution of secret keys beyond a few 100 kilometers at practical rates remains a major challenge. One approach to…

We present a result of side-channel-secure (SCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) under fully realistic conditions. Our result is not only measurement-device independent but also effective with imperfect (and unstable) source devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can provide enhanced security, as compared to traditional QKD, and it constitutes an important framework for a quantum network with an untrusted network server. Still, a key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 Feihu Xu

Integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) with classical data transmission over the same fiber is crucial for scalable quantum-secured communication. However, noise from classical channels limits QKD distance. We demonstrate the…

The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the advantages (over discrete-variable systems) of higher secret key rates in metropolitan areas as well as the use of standard telecom components that can operate at…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) promises ultra-long secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can provide information-theoretically secure communications and is a strong candidate for the next generation of cryptography. However, in practice, the performance of QKD is limited by "practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-24 Wenyuan Wang

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) enhances information efficiency and noise tolerance by encoding data in large Hilbert spaces. The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light provides a scalable basis for such encoding and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Huan Zhang , Zhenyu Cao , Yu Sun , Hu Jin

We investigate the optical absorption and scattering properties of underwater media pertinent to our underwater free space quantum key distribution (QKD) channel model. With the vector radiative transfer theory and Monte Carlo method, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-24 Peng Shi , Shi-Cheng Zhao , Wen-Dong Li , Yong-Jian Gu

We present a practical method that can make quantum key distribution (QKD), for the first time, both ultra-long-distance and immune to all attacks in the detection system. This method is an important extension of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-22 Feihu Xu , Bing Qi , Zhongfa Liao , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum communication over long distances is integral to information security and has been demonstrated in free space and fibre with two-dimensional polarisation states of light. Although increased bit rates can be achieved using…

Tremendous progress in experimental quantum optics during the past decades enabled the advent of quantum technologies, one of which is quantum communication. Aimed at novel methods for more secure or efficient information transfer, quantum…

When undertaking continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) across atmospheric channels, strong classical local oscillators (LOs) are often polarization-multiplexed with the weak quantum signals for coherent measurement at the…

The ability to distribute secret keys between two parties with information-theoretic security, that is, regardless of the capacities of a malevolent eavesdropper, is one of the most celebrated results in the field of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Eleni Diamanti , Anthony Leverrier

Modern security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) must take finite-size effects and composable aspects into consideration. This is also the case for continuous-variable (CV) protocols which are based on the transmission and detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Stefano Pirandola , Panagiotis Papanastasiou

Quantum key distribution (QKD) stands as the most successful application of quantum information science, providing information-theoretic security for key exchange. While it has evolved from proof-of-concept experiments to commercial…

Quantum key distribution (QKD), provides the only intrinsically unconditional secure method for communication based on principle of quantum mechanics. Compared with fiber-based demonstrations-, free-space links could provide the most…

Nonlocal correlations, a longstanding foundational topic in quantum information, have recently found application as a resource for cryptographic tasks where not all devices are trusted, for example in settings with a highly secure central…

We study the impact of the finite-size effect on the continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol, mainly considering the finite-size effect on the parameter estimation procedure. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-07 Xueying Zhang , Yi-Chen Zhang , Yijia Zhao , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Hong Guo
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