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Related papers: Solving Sample-Level Out-of-Distribution Detection…

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Deep Learning models perform unreliably when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods help to identify such data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-26 Anton Vasiliuk , Daria Frolova , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for building reliable AI systems, as models that produce outputs for invalid inputs cannot be trusted. Although deep learning (DL) is often assumed to outperform traditional machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jihyeon Baek , Seunghoon Lee , Gitaek Kwon , Doohyun Park

Computer-aided diagnostics has benefited from the development of deep learning-based computer vision techniques in these years. Traditional supervised deep learning methods assume that the test sample is drawn from the identical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Zesheng Hong , Yubiao Yue , Yubin Chen , Lele Cong , Huanjie Lin , Yuanmei Luo , Mini Han Wang , Weidong Wang , Jialong Xu , Xiaoqi Yang , Hechang Chen , Zhenzhang Li , Sihong Xie

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples for trusted medical image segmentation remains a significant challenge. The critical issue here is the lack of a strict definition of abnormal data, which often results in artificial problem…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Anton Vasiliuk , Daria Frolova , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the safety and reliability of artificial intelligence algorithms, especially in the medical domain. In the context of the Medical OOD (MOOD) detection challenge 2023, we propose a pipeline…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Evi M. C. Huijben , Sina Amirrajab , Josien P. W. Pluim

This paper presents a principled approach for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in deep neural networks (DNN). Modeling probability distributions on deep features has recently emerged as an effective, yet computationally cheap…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Ibrahima Ndiour , Nilesh Ahuja , Omesh Tickoo

Methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection that scale to 3D data are crucial components of any real-world clinical deep learning system. Classic denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have been recently proposed as a robust…

The complex and dynamic real-world clinical environment demands reliable deep learning (DL) systems. Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection plays a critical role in enhancing the reliability and generalizability of DL models when encountering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jiangbei Yue , Darren Treanor , Venkataraman Subramanian , Sharib Ali

Recent advances in medical vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in image classification tasks, driven by their strong zero-shot generalization capabilities. However, given the high variability and complexity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Lie Ju , Sijin Zhou , Yukun Zhou , Huimin Lu , Zhuoting Zhu , Pearse A. Keane , Zongyuan Ge

Motivation: Deep learning models deployed for use on medical tasks can be equipped with Out-of-Distribution Detection (OoDD) methods in order to avoid erroneous predictions. However it is unclear which OoDD method should be used in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Tianshi Cao , Chin-Wei Huang , David Yu-Tung Hui , Joseph Paul Cohen

Recent advances in deep learning have led to breakthroughs in the development of automated skin disease classification. As we observe an increasing interest in these models in the dermatology space, it is crucial to address aspects such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Hannah Kim , Girmaw Abebe Tadesse , Celia Cintas , Skyler Speakman , Kush Varshney

In trustworthy medical diagnosis systems, integrating out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to identify unknown diseases in samples, thereby mitigating the risk of misdiagnosis. In this study, we propose a novel OOD detection framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Runhe Lai , Xinhua Lu , Kanghao Chen , Qichao Chen , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

In medical imaging, unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) detection offers an attractive approach for identifying pathological cases with extremely low incidence rates. In contrast to supervised methods, OOD-based approaches function…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Lemar Abdi , Francisco Caetano , Amaan Valiuddin , Christiaan Viviers , Hamdi Joudeh , Fons van der Sommen

Deep Learning models are easily disturbed by variations in the input images that were not seen during training, resulting in unpredictable behaviours. Such Out-of-Distribution (OOD) images represent a significant challenge in the context of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Benjamin Lambert , Florence Forbes , Senan Doyle , Alan Tucholka , Michel Dojat

Efficient and effective Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is essential for the safe deployment of AI systems. Existing feature space methods, while effective, often incur significant computational overhead due to their reliance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Litian Liu , Yao Qin

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a pivotal task for real-world applications that trains models to identify samples that are distributionally different from the in-distribution (ID) data during testing. Recent advances in AI,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

As deep learning methods form a critical part in commercially important applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnostics, it is important to reliably detect out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs while employing these algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Apoorv Vyas , Nataraj Jammalamadaka , Xia Zhu , Dipankar Das , Bharat Kaul , Theodore L. Willke

Deep neural networks are increasingly used in a wide range of technologies and services, but remain highly susceptible to out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, that is, drawn from a different distribution than the original training set. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Pietro Recalcati , Fabio Garcea , Luca Piano , Fabrizio Lamberti , Lia Morra

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to improve the reliability of machine learning models by detecting samples that do not belong to the training distribution. Detecting OOD samples effectively in certain tasks can pose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Divyanshu Mishra , He Zhao , Pramit Saha , Aris T. Papageorghiou , J. Alison Noble

3D object detection is an essential part of automated driving, and deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for this task. However, deep models are notorious for assigning high confidence scores to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Chengjie Huang , Van Duong Nguyen , Vahdat Abdelzad , Christopher Gus Mannes , Luke Rowe , Benjamin Therien , Rick Salay , Krzysztof Czarnecki
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