Related papers: Higher metal abundances do not solve the solar pro…
Oscillations detected on the solar surface provide a unique possibility for investigations of the interior properties of a star. Through major observational efforts, including extensive observations from space, as well as development of…
We examine the constraints on non-radiative decay of neutrinos from the observations of solar neutrino experiments. The standard oscillation hypothesis among three neutrinos solves the solar and atmospheric neutrino problems. Decay of a…
Determining the He/H ratio in cool stars presents a fundamental astrophysical challenge. While this ratio is established for hot O and B stars, its extrapolation to cool stars remains uncertain due to the absence of helium lines in their…
We propose here that the lithium decrease at super-solar metallicities observed in high resolution spectroscopic surveys can be explained by the interplay of mixed populations, coming from the inner regions of the Milky Way disc. The lower…
With latest experimental data the solar neutrino problem enters new phase when crucial aspects of the problem can be formulated in an essentially (solar) model independent way. Original neutrino fluxes can be considered as free parameters…
The solar chemical composition is an important ingredient in our understanding of the formation, structure and evolution of both the Sun and our solar system. Furthermore, it is an essential reference standard against which the elemental…
We estimate the main-sequence age and heavy-element abundance of the Sun by means of an asteroseismic calibration of theoretical solar models using only low-degree acoustic modes from the BiSON. The method can therefore be applied also to…
The recent downward revision of solar photospheric abundances of Oxygen and other heavy elements has resulted in serious discrepancies between solar models and solar structure as determined through helioseismology. In this work we…
Nuclear reaction rates are crucial ingredients of solar and stellar models, they directly impact the duration of the life of stars and the energy they produce. In the solar case, the tight observational constraints put on models (Mass,…
Reconstructing the Galactic evolution of lithium (Li) is the main tool used to constrain the source(s) of Li enrichment in the Galaxy. Recent results have suggested a decline in Li at supersolar metallicities, which may indicate reduced…
The Borexino Collaboration interprets its data within the framework of Bulk Silicate Earth model and the model of the Sun with high metallicity. Other authors have given a different interpretation of the same data within the framework of…
We want to determine the lithium abundances of solar twin stars as a function of stellar age to provide constraints for stellar evolutions models and to investigate whether there is a connection between low Li abundance and the occurrence…
We review our current knowledge of the solar chemical composition as determined from photospheric absorption lines. In particular we describe the recent significant revisions of the solar abundances as a result of the application of a…
We compute a new generation of standard solar models (SSMs) that includes recent updates on some important nuclear reaction rates and a more consistent treatment of the equation of state. Models also include a novel and flexible treatment…
The study of solar neutrinos has given since ever a fundamental contribution both to astroparticle and to elementary particle physics, offering an ideal test of solar models and offering at the same time relevant indications on the…
Lithium is an excellent tracer of mixing in stars as it is destroyed (by nuclear reactions) at a temperature around $\sim 2.5\times 10^6$ K. The lithium destruction zone is typically located in the radiative region of a star. If the…
Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the fourth, sixth, and third most abundant elements in the Sun. Their abundances remain hotly debated due to the so-called solar modelling problem that has persisted for almost $20$ years. We revisit this…
Aims. Exoplanet-host stars (EHS) are known to present superficial chemical abundances different from those of stars without any detected planet (NEHS). EHS are, on the average, overmetallic compared to the Sun. The observations also show…
Recent revisions of the determination of the solar composition have resulted in solar models in marked disagreement with helioseismic inferences. The effect of the composition change on the model is largely caused by the change in the…
I discuss the development and resolution of the solar neutrino problem, as well as opportunities now open to us to extend our knowledge of main-sequence stellar evolution and neutrino astrophysics.