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As quantum circuits become more integrated and complex, additional error sources that were previously insignificant start to emerge. Consequently, the fidelity of quantum gates benchmarked under pristine conditions falls short of predicting…

Quantum simulation, the simulation of quantum processes on quantum computers, suggests a path forward for the efficient simulation of problems in condensed-matter physics, quantum chemistry, and materials science. While the majority of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-03 Paul K. Faehrmann , Mark Steudtner , Richard Kueng , Maria Kieferova , Jens Eisert

The certification of randomness is essential for both fundamental science and information technologies. Unlike traditional random number generators, randomness obtained from nonlocal correlations is fundamentally guaranteed to be…

Cross-entropy benchmarking is a central technique used to certify a quantum chip in recent experiments. To better understand its mathematical foundation and develop new benchmarking schemes, we introduce the concept of ergodicity to random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Bin Cheng , Fei Meng , Zhi-Jiong Zhang , Man-Hong Yung

What makes a class of quantum circuits efficiently classically simulable on average? I present a framework that applies harmonic analysis of groups to circuits with a structure encoded by group parameters. Expanding the circuits in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Cristina Cirstoiu

Randomized quantum algorithms have been proposed in the context of quantum simulation and quantum linear algebra with the goal of constructing shallower circuits than methods based on block encodings. While the algorithmic complexities of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Siddharth Hariprakash , Roel Van Beeumen , Katherine Klymko , Daan Camps

Randomized smoothing, a method to certify a classifier's decision on an input is invariant under adversarial noise, offers attractive advantages over other certification methods. It operates in a black-box and so certification is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Jamie Hayes

The method of random projection (RP) is the standard technique in machine learning and many other areas, for dimensionality reduction, approximate near neighbor search, compressed sensing, etc. Basically, RP provides a simple and effective…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-26 Xiaoyun Li , Ping Li

Randomized compiling reduces the effects of errors on quantum computers by tailoring arbitrary Markovian errors into stochastic Pauli noise. Here we prove that randomized compiling also tailors non-Markovian errors into local stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-16 Adam Winick , Joel J. Wallman , Dar Dahlen , Ian Hincks , Egor Ospadov , Joseph Emerson

We propose network benchmarking: a procedure to efficiently benchmark the quality of a quantum network link connecting quantum processors in a quantum network. This procedure is based on the standard randomized benchmarking protocol and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-02 Jonas Helsen , Stephanie Wehner

The present era of quantum processors with hundreds to thousands of noisy qubits has sparked interest in understanding the computational power of these devices and how to leverage it to solve practically relevant problems. For applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Victor Martinez , Omar Fawzi , Daniel Stilck França

The Robust Phase Estimation (RPE) protocol was designed to be an efficient and robust way to calibrate quantum operations. The robustness of RPE refers to its ability to estimate a single parameter, usually gate amplitude, even when other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Adam M. Meier , Karl A. Burkhardt , Brian J. McMahon , Creston D. Herold

As quantum processors grow, new performance benchmarks are required to capture the full quality of the devices at scale. While quantum volume is an excellent benchmark, it focuses on the highest quality subset of the device and so is unable…

Quantum resources and protocols are known to outperform their classical counterparts in variety of communication and information processing tasks. Random Access Codes (RACs) are one such cryptographically significant family of bipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Vaisakh M , Ram krishna Patra , Mukta Janpandit , Samrat Sen , Anubhav Chaturvedi , Manik Banik

The rapid advancement of quantum hardware calls for the development of reliable methods to certify its correct functioning. However, existing certification tests often fall short: they either rely on flawless state preparation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Jan Nöller , Nikolai Miklin , Martin Kliesch , Mariami Gachechiladze

Quantum circuit optimization - the process of transforming a quantum circuit into an equivalent one with reduced time and space requirements - is crucial for maximizing the utility of current and near-future quantum devices. While most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Marcin Szyniszewski , Aleks Kissinger , Noah Linden , Paul Skrzypczyk

Quantum machine learning uses principles from quantum mechanics to process data, offering potential advances in speed and performance. However, previous work has shown that these models are susceptible to attacks that manipulate input data…

As quantum devices scale up, many-body quantum gates and algorithms begin to surpass what is possible to simulate classically. Validation methods which rely on such classical simulation, such as process tomography and randomized…

Linear cross-entropy benchmarking (LXEB) with random quantum circuits is a standard method for evaluating quantum computers. However, LXEB requires classically simulating the ideal output distribution of a given quantum circuit with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Takumi Kaneda , Keisuke Fujii , Hiroshi Ueda

Quantum technologies provide many applications for information processing tasks that are impossible to realize within classical physics. These capabilities include such fundamental resources as generating secure, i.e. private and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Amelie Piveteau , Alban Seguinard , Piotr Mironowicz , Mohamed Bourennane