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We study Krylov complexity $C_K$ and operator entropy $S_K$ in operator growth. We find that for a variety of systems, including chaotic ones and integrable theories, the two quantities always enjoy a logarithmic relation $S_K\sim…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Zhong-Ying Fan

We present a framework for understanding the dynamics of operator size, and bounding the growth of out-of-time-ordered correlators, in models of large-$S$ spins. Focusing on the dynamics of a single spin, we show the finiteness of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-07-15 Chao Yin , Andrew Lucas

The question of thermalization in quantum many-body systems has long been studied through the properties of matrix elements of operators corresponding to local observables. More recently, the focus has shifted to the dynamics of operators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Vijay Ganesh Sadhasivam , Jan M. Rost , Stuart C. Althorpe

In this paper, we studied a set of generalised Krylov complexity for operator growth. We demonstrate their universal features at both initial times and long times using half-analytical technique as well as numerical results. In particular,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-12 Zhong-Ying Fan

We study growth quenches, which are local quenches that may gradually destabilize a false vacuum in certain kinetic constrained quantum lattice models, such as the East-West model. We point out a formal analogy with the dynamics of a local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Xiangyu Cao

Quantum observables of generic many-body systems exhibit a universal pattern of growth in the Krylov space of operators. This pattern becomes particularly manifest in the Lanczos basis, where the evolution superoperator assumes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Oleksandr Gamayun , Murtaza Ali Mir , Oleg Lychkovskiy , Zoran Ristivojevic

We investigate Krylov complexity of the fermion chain operator which consists of multiple Majorana fermions in the double-scaled SYK (DSSYK) model with finite temperature. Using the fact that Krylov complexity is computable from two-point…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-19 Takanori Anegawa , Ryota Watanabe

We study non-equilibrium dynamics induced by a sudden quench of strongly correlated Hamiltonians with all-to-all interactions. By relying on a Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) based quench protocol, we show that the time evolution of simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Matteo Carrega , Joonho Kim , Dario Rosa

Recently, the out-of-time-ordered correlator(OTOC) and Krylov complexity have been studied actively as a measure of operator growth. OTOC is known to exhibit exponential growth in chaotic systems, which was confirmed in many previous works.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Seungjoo Baek

Krylov complexity, as a novel measure of operator complexity under Heisenberg evolution, exhibits many interesting universal behaviors and also bounds many other complexity measures. In this work, we study Krylov complexity $\mathcal{K}(t)$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-01 Haifeng Tang

In semi-classical systems, the exponential growth of the out-of-timeorder correlator (OTOC) is believed to be the hallmark of quantum chaos. However,on several occasions, it has been argued that, even in integrable systems, OTOC can grow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Budhaditya Bhattacharjee , Xiangyu Cao , Pratik Nandy , Tanay Pathak

We propose and test logarithmic Krylov (logK) complexity, an operator growth measure akin to Krylov complexity defined through a replica approach, as a viable probe of early-time operator scrambling without false positives. In…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-07 Hugo A. Camargo , Yichao Fu , Keun-Young Kim , Yeong Han Park

This work addresses how the growth of invariant operators is influenced by their underlying symmetry structure. For this purpose, we introduce the symmetry-resolved Krylov complexity, which captures the time evolution of each block into…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-21 Pawel Caputa , Giuseppe Di Giulio , Tran Quang Loc

The presence of symmetries can lead to nontrivial dynamics of operator entanglement in open quantum many-body systems, which characterizes the cost of an matrix product density operator (MPDO) representation of the density matrix in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Lin Zhang

Solving short and long time dynamics of closed quantum many-body systems is one of the main challenges of both atomic and condensed matter physics. For locally interacting closed systems, the dynamics of local observables can always be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Nicolas Loizeau , Berislav Buča , Dries Sels

In this paper we study the notion of complexity under time evolution in chaotic quantum systems with holographic duals. Continuing on from our previous work, we turn our attention to the issue of Krylov complexity upon the insertion of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-10 Marco Ambrosini , Eliezer Rabinovici , Adrián Sánchez-Garrido , Ruth Shir , Julian Sonner

We study quantum many-body systems with a global U(1) conservation law, focusing on a theory of $N$ interacting fermions with charge conservation, or $N$ interacting spins with one conserved component of total spin. We define an effective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Xiao Chen , Yingfei Gu , Andrew Lucas

Krylov complexity, or K-complexity for short, has recently emerged as a new probe of chaos in quantum systems. It is a measure of operator growth in Krylov space, which conjecturally bounds the operator growth measured by the out of time…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-04 Anatoly Dymarsky , Michael Smolkin

Krylov complexity has recently been proposed as a quantum probe of chaos. The Krylov exponent characterising the exponential growth of Krylov complexity is conjectured to upper-bound the Lyapunov exponent. We compute the Krylov and the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-13 Shira Chapman , Saskia Demulder , Damián A. Galante , Sameer U. Sheorey , Osher Shoval

We present a hypothesis for the universal properties of operators evolving under Hamiltonian dynamics in many-body systems. The hypothesis states that successive Lanczos coefficients in the continued fraction expansion of the Green's…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-25 Daniel E. Parker , Xiangyu Cao , Alexander Avdoshkin , Thomas Scaffidi , Ehud Altman