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Interstellar magnetic fields play critical roles in many astrophysical processes. Yet despite their importance, our knowledge about magnetic fields in our Galaxy remains limited. For the field within the Milky Way, much of what we do know…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-12-15 Cameron Van Eck , Jo-Anne Brown

Magnetic fields are fundamental to the dynamics of the interstellar medium (ISM) in spiral galaxies and are often separated into large-scale, regular ($\boldsymbol{B}$) and small-scale, random ($\boldsymbol{b}$) components. The thermal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-26 Saakshi Dhakal , Amit Seta

We use R-band CCD linear polarimetry collected for about 12000 background field stars in 46 fields of view toward the Pipe nebula to investigate the properties of the polarization across this dark cloud. Based on archival 2MASS data we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 G. A. P. Franco , F. O. Alves , J. M. Girart

We report observations of the linear polarisation of a sample of 50 nearby southern bright stars measured to a median sensitivity of $\sim$4.4 $\times 10^{-6}$. We find larger polarisations and more highly polarised stars than in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 Daniel V. Cotton , Jeremy Bailey , Lucyna Kedziora-Chudczer , Kimberly Bott , P. W. Lucas , J. H. Hough , Jonathan P. Marshall

Starlight polarimetry, when combined with accurate distance measurements, allows for exploration of the three-dimensional structure of local magnetic fields in great detail. We present optical polarimetric observations of stars in and close…

The wavelength dependences of interstellar extinction and polarization, supplemented by observed elemental abundances and the spectrum of infrared emission from dust heated by starlight, strongly constrain dust models. One dust model that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-03-11 B. T. Draine

Understanding the spatial distribution of metals within galaxies allows us to study the processes of chemical enrichment and mixing in the interstellar medium (ISM). In this work, we map the two-dimensional distribution of metals using a…

The properties of dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) nearest the Sun are poorly understood because the low column densities of dust toward nearby stars induce little photometric reddening, rendering the grains largely undetectable.…

We combine state-of-the-art models for the production of stellar radiation and its transfer through the interstellar medium (ISM) to investigate ultraviolet-line diagnostics of stars, the ionized and the neutral ISM in star-forming…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-15 A. Vidal-García , S. Charlot , G. Bruzual , I. Hubeny

The Planck Catalogue of Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCC) contains over 13000 sources detected based on their cold dust signature. They are believed to consist of a mixture of quiescent, pre-stellar, and already star-forming objects. We extracted…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-25 Mika Juvela , Paolo Padoan , Isabelle Ristorcelli , Veli-Matti Pelkonen

Far-infrared observations provide crucial data for the investigation and characterisation of the properties of dusty material in the Interstellar Medium (ISM), since most of its energy is emitted between ~100 and 200 um. We present the…

Several of the current and next-generation cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments have polarimetric capability, promising to add to the finesse of precision cosmology. One of the contaminating Galactic foregrounds is thermal emission…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. G. Martin

We discuss the degree to which radio propagation measurements diagnose conditions in the ionized gas of the interstellar medium (ISM). The "signal generators" of the radio waves of interest are extragalactic radio sources (quasars and radio…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Marijke Haverkorn , Steven R. Spangler

The PRIMAger instrument on board the proposed PRIMA satellite will offer the unprecedented capability to obtain hundreds of square-degree maps in polarised emission at sub-arcminute resolution in four Far-IR bands. This will open a unique…

Linearly polarized Galactic synchrotron emission provides valuable information about the properties of the Galactic magnetic field and the interstellar magneto-ionic medium, when Faraday rotation along the line of sight is properly taken…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 X. Y. Gao , W. Reich , J. L. Han , X. H. Sun , R. Wielebinski , W. B. Shi , L. Xiao , P. Reich , E. Fürst , M. Z. Chen , J. Ma

An electromagnetic wave can be uniquely characterized by the four Stokes parameters: I, Q, U, and V. Typical observations in astronomy rely solely on total intensity measurements of the incoming radiation (Stokes I). However, a significant…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-07-08 Jo-Anne C. Brown , Jeroen M. Stil , Tom L. Landecker

[ABRIDGED] The knowledge of the regular component of the Galactic magnetic field gives important information about the structure and dynamics of the Milky Way, as well as constitutes a basic tool to determine cosmic rays trajectories. It…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 B. Ruiz-Granados , J. A. Rubino-Martin , E. Battaner

Continuum polarization over the UV-to-microwave range is due to dichroic extinction (or emission) by asymmetric, aligned dust grains. Because of both grain alignment and scattering physics, the wavelength dependence of the polarization,…

The cold interstellar medium (ISM) plays a central role in the galaxy evolution process. It is the reservoir that fuels galaxy growth via star formation, the repository of material formed by these stars, and a sensitive tracer of internal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-07 Amelie Saintonge , Barbara Catinella