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In Green Software Development, quantifying the energy footprint of a software system is one of the most basic activities. This documents provides a high-level overview of how the energy footprint of a software system can be estimated to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Fernando Castor

The intent of the H.264 AVC project was to create a standard capable of providing good video quality at substantially lower bit rates than previous standards without increasing the complexity of design so much that it would be impractical…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2009-09-02 Sourabh Rungta , Kshitij Verma , Neeta Tripathi , Anupam Shukla

Nowadays, the compression performance of neural-networkbased image compression algorithms outperforms state-of-the-art compression approaches such as JPEG or HEIC-based image compression. Unfortunately, most neural-network based compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Christian Herglotz , Fabian Brand , Andy Regensky , Felix Rievel , André Kaup

Modern video encoders have evolved into sophisticated pieces of software in which various coding tools interact with each other. In the past, singlepass encoding was not considered for Video-On-Demand (VOD) use cases. In this work, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Vibhoothi Vibhoothi , Julien Zouein , François Pitié , Anil Kokaram

Industries are considering the adoption of cloud and edge computing for real-time applications due to current improvements in network latencies and the advent of Fog and Edge computing. Current cloud paradigms are not designed for real-time…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Isser Kadusale , Gautam Gala , Gerhard Fohler

This paper proposes energy-efficient coordinated beamforming strategies for multi-cell multi-user multiple-input single-output system. We consider a practical power consumption model, where part of the consumed power depends on the base…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Oskari Tervo , Antti Tölli , Markku Juntti , Le-Nam Tran

Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the most recent international video coding standard jointly developed by ITU-T and ISO/IEC, which has been finalized in July 2020. VVC allows for significant bit-rate reductions around 50% for the same…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-22 Adam Wieckowski , Christian Lehmann , Benjamin Bross , Detlev Marpe , Thibaud Biatek , Mickael Raulet , Jean Le Feuvre

Intra-frame prediction in the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard can be empirically improved by applying sets of recursive two-dimensional filters to the predicted values. However, this approach does not allow (or complicates…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Amir Said , Xin Zhao , Marta Karczewicz , Jianle Chen , Feng Zou

The demand for efficient multi-rate encoding techniques has surged with the increasing prevalence of ultra-high-definition (UHD) video content, particularly in adaptive streaming scenarios where a single video must be encoded at multiple…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Vignesh V Menon , Adam Wieckowski , Yiquin Liu , Benjamin Bross , Detlev Marpe

The SPEC Power benchmark offers valuable insights into the energy efficiency of server systems, allowing comparisons across various hardware and software configurations. Benchmark results are publicly available for hundreds of systems from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hannes Tröpgen , Robert Schöne , Thomas Ilsche , Daniel Hackenberg

Learned image compression allows achieving state-of-the-art accuracy and compression ratios, but their relatively slow runtime performance limits their usage. While previous attempts on optimizing learned image codecs focused more on the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-04 Fangzheng Lin , Heming Sun , Jiro Katto

The limited energy available in most embedded systems poses a significant challenge in enhancing the performance of embedded processors and microcontrollers. One promising approach to address this challenge is the use of approximate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Arvin Delavari , Faraz Ghoreishy , Hadi Shahriar Shahhoseini , Sattar Mirzakuchaki

Visual sensors serve as a critical component of the Internet of Things (IoT). There is an ever-increasing demand for broad applications and higher resolutions of videos and cameras in smart homes and smart cities, such as in security…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Amir Fotovvat , Khan A. Wahid

Monitoring the daily transportation modes of an individual provides useful information in many application domains, such as urban design, real-time journey recommendation, as well as providing location-based services. In existing systems,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Guohao Lan , Weitao Xu , Dong Ma , Sara Khalifa , Mahbub Hassan , Wen Hu

Versatile Video Coding Standard (H.266/VVC) was completed by Joint Video Expert Team (JVET) of ITU-T and ISO/IEC, in July 2020. This new ITU recommendation/international standard is a successor to the well-known H.265/HEVC video coding…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-09 Bin Zhu , Shan Liu , Yuan Liu , Yi Luo , Jing Ye , Haiyan Xu , Ying Huang , Hualong Jiao , Xiaozhong Xu , Xianguo Zhang , Chenchen Gu

By suppressing repeated content deliveries, wireless caching has the potential to substantially improve the energy efficiency (EE) of the fifth generation (5G) communication networks. In this paper, we propose two novel energy-efficient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-31 Xuewei Zhang , Tiejun Lv , Wei Ni , John M. Cioffi , Norman C. Beaulieu , Y. Jay Guo

Motion estimation is the most critical process in video coding systems. First of all, it has a definitive impact on the rate-distortion performance given by the video encoder. Secondly, it is the most computationally intensive process…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2011-11-09 S. Lopez , G. M. Callico , J. F. Lopez , R. Sarmiento

This paper deals with the latest video coding standard H265 SHVC, a scalable extension to High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). HEVC introduces new coding tools compared to its predecessor and is backward compatible with all types of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-09-22 L. Balaji , K. K. Thyagharajan

This work focuses on the high carbon emissions generated by deep learning model training, specifically addressing the core challenge of balancing algorithm performance and energy consumption. It proposes an innovative two-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Xiang Li , Chong Zhang , Hongpeng Wang , Shreyank Narayana Gowda , Yushi Li , Xiaobo Jin

Smart manufacturing can significantly improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption, yet the energy demands of AI models may offset these gains. This study utilizes in-situ sensing-based prediction of geometric quality in smart machining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Danny Hoang , Anandkumar Patel , Ruimen Chen , Rajiv Malhotra , Farhad Imani