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In runtime verification, manually formalizing a specification for monitoring system executions is a tedious and error-prone process. To address this issue, we consider the problem of automatically synthesizing formal specifications from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ritam Raha , Rajarshi Roy , Nathanael Fijalkow , Daniel Neider , Guillermo A. Perez

Handling static images that lack inherent temporal dynamics remains a fundamental challenge for spiking neural networks (SNNs). In directly trained SNNs, static inputs are typically repeated across time steps, causing the temporal dimension…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Huaxu He

We propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based control design framework for handling complex tasks. The approach extends the concept of Reward Machines (RM) with Signal Temporal Logic (STL) formulas that can be used for event generation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ana María Gómez Ruiz , Thao Dang , Alexandre Donzé

The fundamental idea of this work is to synthesize reactive controllers such that closed-loop execution trajectories of the system satisfy desired specifications that ensure correct system behaviors, while optimizing a desired performance…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Sayan Saha , A. Agung Julius

Recently, the recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) architecture has become an emerging trend in end-to-end automatic speech recognition research due to its advantages of being capable for online streaming speech recognition. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Hu Hu , Rui Zhao , Jinyu Li , Liang Lu , Yifan Gong

This paper introduces a model-based approach for training feedback controllers for an autonomous agent operating in a highly nonlinear (albeit deterministic) environment. We desire the trained policy to ensure that the agent satisfies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Navid Hashemi , Bardh Hoxha , Danil Prokhorov , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

Spiking neural networks (SNN) as time-dependent hypotheses consisting of spiking nodes (neurons) and directed edges (synapses) are believed to offer unique solutions to reward prediction tasks and the related feedback that are classified as…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-17 Doo Seok Jeong

The use of spatio-temporal logics in control is motivated by the need to impose complex spatial and temporal behavior on dynamical systems, and to control these systems accordingly. Synthesizing correct-by-design control laws is a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Lars Lindemann , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Cyber-physical system applications such as autonomous vehicles, wearable devices, and avionic systems generate a large volume of time-series data. Designers often look for tools to help classify and categorize the data. Traditional machine…

Ensuring that agents satisfy safety specifications can be crucial in safety-critical environments. While methods exist for controller synthesis with safe temporal specifications, most existing methods restrict safe temporal specifications…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Gaspard Ohlmann , Edwin Hamel-De le Court , Francesco Belardinelli

Biologically inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) have garnered considerable attention due to their low-energy consumption and spatio-temporal information processing capabilities. Most existing SNNs training methods first integrate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Haonan Qiu , Zeyin Song , Yanqi Chen , Munan Ning , Wei Fang , Tao Sun , Zhengyu Ma , Li Yuan , Yonghong Tian

Natural language is an intuitive way for humans to communicate tasks to a robot. While natural language (NL) is ambiguous, real world tasks and their safety requirements need to be communicated unambiguously. Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Sara Mohammadinejad , Jesse Thomason , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Switching controllers play a pivotal role in directing hybrid systems (HSs) towards the desired objective, embodying a ``correct-by-construction'' approach to HS design. Identifying these objectives is thus crucial for the synthesis of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 Han Su , Shenghua Feng , Sinong Zhan , Naijun Zhan

Time series classification is a task of paramount importance, as this kind of data often arises in safety-critical applications. However, it is typically tackled with black-box deep learning methods, making it hard for humans to understand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Irene Ferfoglia , Simone Silvetti , Gaia Saveri , Laura Nenzi , Luca Bortolussi

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is a formal language over continuous-time signals (such as trajectories of a multi-agent system) that allows for the specification of complex spatial and temporal system requirements (such as staying sufficiently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Joris Verhagen , Lars Lindemann , Jana Tumova

We present a compositional control synthesis method based on assume-guarantee contracts with application to correct-by-construction design of vehicular mission plans. In our approach, a mission-level specification expressed in a fragment of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-22 Muhammad Waqas , Nikhil Vijay Naik , Petros Ioannou , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Given a Markov decision process (MDP) and a linear-time ($\omega$-regular or LTL) specification, the controller synthesis problem aims to compute the optimal policy that satisfies the specification. More recently, problems that reason over…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Alvaro Velasquez , Ismail Alkhouri , Andre Beckus , Ashutosh Trivedi , George Atia

Real-world scenarios are characterized by timing uncertainties, e.g., delays, and disturbances. Algorithms with temporal robustness are crucial in guaranteeing the successful execution of tasks and missions in such scenarios. We study…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Nhan-Khanh Le , Erfaun Noorani , Sandra Hirche , John Baras

Reactive systems that operate in environments with complex data, such as mobile apps or embedded controllers with many sensors, are difficult to synthesize. Synthesis tools usually fail for such systems because the state space resulting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Bernd Finkbeiner , Felix Klein , Ruzica Piskac , Mark Santolucito

In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been used in reinforcement learning (RL) due to their low power consumption and event-driven features. However, spiking reinforcement learning (SRL), which suffers from fixed coding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Lang Qin , Rui Yan , Huajin Tang