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B\"uchi automata (BAs) recognize $\omega$-regular languages defined by formal specifications like linear temporal logic (LTL) and are commonly used in the verification of reactive systems. However, BAs face scalability challenges when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Charles Pert , Dalal Alrajeh , Alessandra Russo

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with Long Short-Term memory cells currently hold the best known results in unconstrained handwriting recognition. We show that their performance can be greatly improved using dropout - a recently proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-03-11 Vu Pham , Théodore Bluche , Christopher Kermorvant , Jérôme Louradour

The problem of learning long-term dependencies in sequences using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) is still a major challenge. Recent methods have been suggested to solve this problem by constraining the transition matrix to be unitary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Zakaria Mhammedi , Andrew Hellicar , Ashfaqur Rahman , James Bailey

Feedforward Neural Network (FNN)-based language models estimate the probability of the next word based on the history of the last N words, whereas Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) perform the same task based only on the last word and some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Youssef Oualil , Clayton Greenberg , Mittul Singh , Dietrich Klakow

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are important tools for processing sequential data such as time-series or video. Interpretability is defined as the ability to be understood by a person and is different from explainability, which is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 CJ Barberan , Sina Alemohammad , Naiming Liu , Randall Balestriero , Richard G. Baraniuk

We present an algorithm for extracting a subclass of the context free grammars (CFGs) from a trained recurrent neural network (RNN). We develop a new framework, pattern rule sets (PRSs), which describe sequences of deterministic finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Daniel M. Yellin , Gail Weiss

Understanding recurrent networks through rule extraction has a long history. This has taken on new interests due to the need for interpreting or verifying neural networks. One basic form for representing stateful rules is deterministic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Qinglong Wang , Kaixuan Zhang , Alexander G. Ororbia , Xinyu Xing , Xue Liu , C. Lee Giles

Recurrent Neural Networks can be trained to produce sequences of tokens given some input, as exemplified by recent results in machine translation and image captioning. The current approach to training them consists of maximizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Samy Bengio , Oriol Vinyals , Navdeep Jaitly , Noam Shazeer

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been extraordinarily successful for prediction with sequential data. To tackle highly variable and noisy real-world data, we introduce Particle Filter Recurrent Neural Networks (PF-RNNs), a new RNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Xiao Ma , Peter Karkus , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

Various natural language processing tasks are structured prediction problems where outputs are constructed with multiple interdependent decisions. Past work has shown that domain knowledge, framed as constraints over the output space, can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Xingyuan Pan , Maitrey Mehta , Vivek Srikumar

We describe a class of systems theory based neural networks called "Network Of Recurrent neural networks" (NOR), which introduces a new structure level to RNN related models. In NOR, RNNs are viewed as the high-level neurons and are used to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Chao-Ming Wang

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have gained a great deal of attention in solving sequential learning problems. The learning of long-term dependencies, however, remains challenging due to the problem of a vanishing or exploding hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Konstantin Rusch , John W. Pearson , Konstantinos C. Zygalakis

A core technology that has emerged from the artificial intelligence revolution is the recurrent neural network (RNN). Its unique sequence-based architecture provides a tractable likelihood estimate with stable training paradigms, a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-01 Mohamed Hibat-Allah , Martin Ganahl , Lauren E. Hayward , Roger G. Melko , Juan Carrasquilla

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are widely used in computational neuroscience and machine learning applications. In an RNN, each neuron computes its output as a nonlinear function of its integrated input. While the importance of RNNs,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2012-07-10 Sebastian Bitzer , Stefan J. Kiebel

Recurrent neural networks are increasing popular models for sequential learning. Unfortunately, although the most effective RNN architectures are perhaps excessively complicated, extensive searches have not found simpler alternatives. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-26 David Balduzzi , Muhammad Ghifary

We present a complimentary objective for training recurrent neural networks (RNN) with gating units that helps with regularization and interpretability of the trained model. Attention-based RNN models have shown success in many difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-30 Jonathan Raiman , Szymon Sidor

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are rich models for the processing of sequential data. Recent work on advancing the state of the art has been focused on the optimization or modelling of RNNs, mostly motivated by adressing the problems of…

We introduce recurrent neural network grammars, probabilistic models of sentences with explicit phrase structure. We explain efficient inference procedures that allow application to both parsing and language modeling. Experiments show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-13 Chris Dyer , Adhiguna Kuncoro , Miguel Ballesteros , Noah A. Smith

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been shown to capture various aspects of syntax from raw linguistic input. In most previous experiments, however, learning happens over unrealistic corpora, which do not reflect the type and amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ludovica Pannitto , Aurélie Herbelot

Short-term memory is essential for cognitive processing, yet our understanding of its neural mechanisms remains unclear. Neuroscience has long focused on how sequential activity patterns, where neurons fire one after another within large…