Related papers: Outdoor Systems Performace and Upgrade
The foreseen luminosity upgrade for the LHC (a factor of 5-10 more in peak luminosity by 2021) poses serious constraints on the technology for the ATLAS tracker in this High Luminosity era (HL-LHC). In fact, such luminosity increase leads…
The Pierre Auger Observatory, located near the town Malarg\"ue in the province of Mendoza, Argentina, is the largest cosmic-ray detector in existence, covering an area of 3000 km2. The upgraded Observatory, in Phase II of operations,…
One of the most fascinating puzzles in particle astrophysics today is that of the origin and nature of the highest energy cosmic rays. The Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO), currently under construction in Province of Mendoza, Argentina, and…
The Pierre Auger Observatory allows the measurement of both longitudinal profiles and lateral particle distributions of high-energy showers. The former trace the overall shower development, mainly of the electromagnetic component close to…
Muon tomography or muography is an emerging imaging technique that uses cosmogenic muons as the radiation source. Due to its diverse range of applications and the use of natural radiation, muography is being applied across many fields such…
The Pierre Auger Observatory, the world's largest observatory of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR), offers a unique insight into the properties of hadronic interactions occurring in air showers at energies well above those reached at…
High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems are among the most energy-intensive scientific facilities, with electric power consumption reaching and often exceeding 20 megawatts per installation. Unlike other major scientific infrastructures…
Climate change poses a serious threat to the Earth's ecosystems, fueled primarily by escalating greenhouse gas emissions. Among the main contributors, the building sector stands out due to its significant energy demand. Addressing this…
In modern power systems, the Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (ROCOF) may be largely employed in Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC) applications. However, a standard approach towards ROCOF measurements is still missing. In…
We report the results of the analyses of the cosmic ray data collected with a 4 tonne (3$\times$1$\times$1~m$^3$) active mass (volume) Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chamber (TPC) operated in a dual-phase mode. We present a detailed study of…
We performed a new series of systematic studies of gain and rate characteristics of several micropattern gaseous detectors. Extending earlier studies, these measurements were done at various pressures, gas mixtures, at a wide range of…
Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) were used for the instrumentation of the iron flux return of the BABAR detector as a muon system. Unfortunately the efficiency of the original RPCs degraded rapidly with time. Limited Streamer Tubes (LSTs)…
Cosmic-ray particles with ultra-high energies (above $10^{18}$ eV) are studied through the properties of extensive air showers which they initiate in the atmosphere. The Pierre Auger Observatory detects these showers with unprecedented…
Particle filters contain the promise of fully nonlinear data assimilation. They have been applied in numerous science areas, but their application to the geosciences has been limited due to their inefficiency in high-dimensional systems in…
We have previously reported on the construction and successful operation of the novel double phase Liquid Argon Large Electron Multiplier Time Projection Chamber (LAr LEM-TPC). This detector concept provides a 3D-tracking and calorimetric…
This paper summarizes some highlights from the Pierre Auger Observatory that were presented at the ICRC 2011 in Beijing. The cumulative exposure has grown by more than 60% since the previous ICRC to above 21000 km^2 sr yr. Besides giving…
We present the results of modeling and simulating the Hamamatsu R5912 photomultiplier tube that is used in most of the sites of the Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO). The model was compared with data of in-operation water Cherenkov…
Recently, multiple data-driven models based on machine learning for weather forecasting have emerged. These models are highly competitive in terms of accuracy compared to traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. In…
We present the status and the recent measurements from the Pierre Auger Observatory. The energy spectrum will be described and its steepening discussed. The mass composition is addressed with the measurements of the variation of the depth…
The CMS Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system has been certified for 10 years of LHC operation. In the next years, during the High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, the LHC instantaneous luminosity will increase to a factor five more than the…