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Related papers: SoK: MEV Countermeasures: Theory and Practice

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In blockchain networks, the strategic ordering of transactions within blocks has emerged as a significant source of profit extraction, known as Maximal Extractable Value (MEV). The transition from spam-based Priority Gas Auctions to…

This paper tackles the discovery of tMEV, that is, the Maximal Extractable Value on blockchains that arises from Token smart contracts. This scope differs from the existing MEV-discovery research, which analyzes application-layer contracts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiaqi Chen , Yuzhe Tang , Yue Duan

On high-throughput, low-fee blockchains, a qualitatively new form of maximal extractable value (MEV) has emerged: searchers submit large volumes of speculative transactions, whose profitability is resolved only at execution time. We refer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Wenhao Wang , Aditya Saraf , Lioba Heimbach , Kushal Babel , Fan Zhang

Smart contracts led to the emergence of the decentralized finance (DeFi) marketplace within blockchain ecosystems, where diverse participants engage in financial activities. In traditional finance, there are possibilities to create values,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Rasheed , Yash Chaurasia , Parth Desai , Sujit Gujar

Block production on the Ethereum blockchain has adopted an auction-based mechanism known as Proposer--Builder Separation (PBS), where validators outsource block creation to builders competing in MEV--Boost auctions for Maximal Extractable…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Fei Wu , Thomas Thiery , Stefanos Leonardos , Carmine Ventre

We study the amount of maximal extractable value (MEV) captured by validators, as a function of searcher competition, in blockchains with competitive block building markets such as Ethereum. We argue that the core is a suitable solution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Akaki Mamageishvili , Christoph Schlegel , Benny Sudakov , Danning Sui

The successive generations of consensus algorithms have progressively shifted the performance bottleneck of blockchains to the execution layer. While recent works address this by parallelizing transaction execution, they often overlook the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Artjom Pugatsov , Can Umut Ileri , Jérémie Decouchant

The MEV-Boost block auction contributes approximately 90% of all Ethereum blocks. Between October 2023 and March 2024, only three builders produced 80% of them, highlighting the concentration of power within the block builder market. To…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Burak Öz , Danning Sui , Thomas Thiery , Florian Matthes

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) searching has gained prominence on the Ethereum blockchain since the surge in Decentralized Finance activities. In Ethereum, MEV extraction primarily hinges on fee payments to block proposers. However, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Burak Öz , Jonas Gebele , Parshant Singh , Filip Rezabek , Florian Matthes

User transactions on Ethereum's peer-to-peer network are at risk of being attacked. The smart contracts building decentralized finance (DeFi) have introduced a new transaction ordering dependency to the Ethereum blockchain. As a result,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Lioba Heimbach , Roger Wattenhofer

We examine the current state of the cross-domain world, with particular focus on the protocols being used/planned for use by multi-domain users. We build on existing frameworks for analyzing how MEV is extracted, while also adding a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Conor McMenamin

Centralized stablecoins such as USDT and USDC enforce sanctions through contract-layer blacklist functions. Yet on public blockchains, a freeze is still an ordinary transaction competing with the sanctioned party's transfer for priority. It…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Di Wu , Yuman Bai , Shoupeng Ren , Xinyu Zhang , Yiyue Cao , Xuechao Wang , Wu Wen , Jian Liu

This paper analyzes the Execution Tickets proposal on Ethereum Research, unveiling its potential to revolutionize the Ethereum blockchain's economic model. At the core of this proposal lies a novel ticketing mechanism poised to redefine how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jonah Burian

With the emergence of Miner Extractable Value (MEV), block construction markets on blockchains have evolved into a competitive arena. Following Ethereum's transition from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS), the Proposer Builder…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Anton Wahrstätter , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Davor Svetinovic , Arthur Gervais

We propose a new, more potent attack on decentralized exchanges. This attack leverages absolute commitments, which are commitments that can condition on the strategies made by other agents. This attack allows an adversary to charge monopoly…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Daji Landis , Nikolaj I. Schwartzbach

We provide an economic model of Execution Tickets and use it to study the ability of the Ethereum protocol to capture MEV from block construction. We demonstrate that Execution Tickets extract all MEV when all buyers are homogeneous, risk…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Jonah Burian , Davide Crapis , Fahad Saleh

Strategies related to the blockchain concept of Extractable Value (MEV/BEV), such as arbitrage, front-, or back-running create strong economic incentives for network nodes to reduce latency. Modified nodes, that minimize transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Taro Tsuchiya , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Arthur Gervais , Nicolas Christin

The emergence of decentralized finance has transformed asset trading on the blockchain, making traditional financial instruments more accessible while also introducing a series of exploitative economic practices known as Maximal Extractable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Christof Ferreira Torres , Albin Mamuti , Ben Weintraub , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Shweta Shinde

Ethereum block builders run sealed auctions among searchers, but nothing in the protocol forces a builder to honor the auction outcome after observing submitted bundles. This paper studies the commitment problem. We model a builder who…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Aleksei Adadurov , Sergey Barseghyan , Anton Chtepine , Antero Eloranta , Andrei Sebyakin , Arsenii Valitov

Two MEV builders now produce nearly 80\% of Ethereum blocks. Block builders have the ability to reorder transactions on the blockchain in a way that can be harmful to participants. We estimate they would pay in the aggregate nearly \$14…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-20 Bruce Mizrach , Nathaniel Yoshida