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Tidal disruptions of stars by supermassive black holes produce multi-wavelength emission, of which the optical emission is of ambiguous origin. A unification scenario of tidal disruption events (TDEs) has been proposed to explain the…

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star is disrupted by the tidal forces of a supermassive black hole, and these events produce bright multi-wavelength flares. Polarimetric measurements of TDEs allow us to disentangle the geometry…

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a supermassive black hole rips apart a passing star. Part of the stellar material falls toward the black hole, forming an accretion disk that in some cases launches a relativistic jet. We performed…

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star is disrupted by the tidal forces of a supermassive black hole (SMBH), producing bright multi-wavelength flares. Among these events, AT2020mot has so far exhibited the highest recorded optical…

We propose a semi-analytical model for the self-intersection of the fallback stream in tidal disruption events (TDEs). When the initial periapsis is less than about 15 gravitational radii, a large fraction of the shocked gas is unbound in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Wenbin Lu , Clément Bonnerot

A star crossing the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole will be spectacularly ripped apart with an accompanying burst of radiation. A few tens of such tidal disruption events (TDEs) have now been identified in the optical wavelengths,…

The cooling envelope model for tidal disruption events (TDE) postulates that while the stellar debris streams rapidly dissipate their bulk kinetic energy (``circularize"), this does not necessarily imply rapid feeding of the supermassive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-22 Nikhil Sarin , Brian D. Metzger

Tidal disruption events are routinely discovered as bright optical/UV flares, the properties of which are now well categorized on the population level. The underlying physical processes that produce the evolution of their X-ray emission and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-11 Andrew Mummery , Brian Metzger , Sjoert van Velzen , Muryel Guolo

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star orbiting a massive black hole is sufficiently close to be tidally ripped apart by the black hole. AT 2022cmc is the first relativistic TDE that was observed (and discovered) as an optically…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-08 Aleksandar Cikota , Giorgos Leloudas , Mattia Bulla , Lixin Dai , Justyn Maund , Igor Andreoni

Stream-stream collision may be an important pre-peak energy dissipation mechanism in tidal disruption events (TDEs). We perform local three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations in a wedge geometry including the gravity to study…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-16 Xiaoshan Huang , Shane W. Davis , Yan-fei Jiang

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). In TDEs it is expected that the orbital angular momentum of the disrupted star is generally misaligned with the SMBH spin…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-29 Jin-Hong Chen , Lixin Dai , Kan Cheuk Kwan , Tom Man Kwan , Zijian Zhang

We present optical spectropolarimetry of the tidal disruption event (TDE) AT 2019qiz on days $+0$ and $+29$ relative to maximum brightness. Continuum polarization, which informs the shape of the electron-scattering surface, was found to be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-06 Kishore C. Patra , Wenbin Lu , Thomas G. Brink , Yi Yang , Alexei V. Filippenko , Sergiy S. Vasylyev

When a star passes through the tidal disruption radius of a massive black hole (BH), it can be torn apart by the tidal force of the BH, known as the Tidal Disruption Event (TDE). Since the observed UV/optical luminosity significantly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-17 Hengxiao Guo , Jingbo Sun , Shuang-Liang Li , Yan-Fei Jiang , Tinggui Wang , Defu Bu , Ning Jiang , Yanan Wang , Yuhan Yao , Rongfeng Shen , Minfeng Gu , Mouyuan Sun

An origin of the Optical/UV radiation from tidal disruption events (TDEs) has recently been discussed for different scenarios, but observational support is generally missing. In this Letter, we test applicability of the `Wind-Driven model'…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-16 Kohki Uno , Keiichi Maeda

Polarization observations of tidal disruption events offer unique insights into the accretion processes around supermassive black holes. Here, we present optical polarization observations of the nearby event AT 2023clx, obtained using the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-14 Karri I. I. Koljonen , Kari Nilsson , Ioannis Liodakis , Elina Lindfors

We present fundamental scaling relationships between properties of the optical/UV light curves of tidal disruption events (TDEs) and the mass of the black hole that disrupted the star. We have uncovered these relations from the late-time…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-19 Andrew Mummery , Sjoert van Velzen , Edward Nathan , Adam Ingram , Erica Hammerstein , Ludovic Fraser-Taliente , Steven Balbus

A star entering the tidal sphere of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) can be partially stripped of mass, resulting in a partial tidal disruption event (TDE). Here we develop an analytical model for properties of these events, including the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-07 Ananya Bandopadhyay , Eric R. Coughlin , C. J. Nixon

In the past few years wide-field optical and UV transient surveys as well as X-ray telescopes have allowed us to identify a few dozen candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs). While in theory the physical processes in TDEs are expected to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-13 Lixin Dai , Jonathan C. McKinney , Nathaniel Roth , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , M. Coleman Miller

The discovery of optical/UV tidal disruption events (TDEs) was surprising. The expectation was that, upon returning to the pericenter, the stellar-debris stream will form a compact disk that will emit soft X-rays. Indeed the first TDEs were…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-03 Tatsuya Matsumoto , Tsvi Piran

A star completely destroyed in a tidal disruption event (TDE) ignites a luminous flare that is powered by the fallback of tidally stripped debris to a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass $M_{\bullet}$. We analyze two estimates for the…

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