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Remarkable success of modern image-based AI methods and the resulting interest in their applications in critical decision-making processes has led to a surge in efforts to make such intelligent systems transparent and explainable. The need…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Adriano Lucieri , Muhammad Naseer Bajwa , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

There is widespread optimism that frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-augmented systems have the potential to rapidly accelerate scientific discovery across disciplines. Today, many benchmarks exist to measure LLM knowledge and…

While facial biometrics has been widely used for identification purpose, it has recently been researched as medical biometrics for a range of diseases. In this chapter, we investigate the facial landmark detection for atypical 3D facial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-15 Gary Storey , Ahmed Bouridane , Richard Jiang , Chang-tsun Li

Landmark localization in images and videos is a classic problem solved in various ways. Nowadays, with deep networks prevailing throughout machine learning, there are revamped interests in pushing facial landmark detection technologies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Joseph P Robinson , Yuncheng Li , Ning Zhang , Yun Fu , and Sergey Tulyakov

This paper does not introduce a novel architecture; instead, it revisits a fundamental yet overlooked baseline: adapting human-centric foundation models for anatomical landmark detection in medical imaging. While landmark detection has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Marawan Elbatel , Anbang Wang , Keyuan Liu , Kaouther Mouheb , Enrique Almar-Munoz , Lizhuo Lin , Yanqi Yang , Karim Lekadir , Xiaomeng Li

This review paper explores recent advances in deep learning approaches for non-invasive cognitive impairment detection. We examine various non-invasive indicators of cognitive decline, including speech and language, facial, and motoric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Muath Alsuhaibani , Ali Pourramezan Fard , Jian Sun , Farida Far Poor , Peter S. Pressman , Mohammad H. Mahoor

Automatic segmentation of anatomical landmarks from ultrasound (US) plays an important role in the management of preterm neonates with a very low birth weight due to the increased risk of developing intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-19 Jeya Maria Jose V. , Rajeev Yasarla , Puyang Wang , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Vishal M. Patel

AI agents are increasingly useful for biological data analysis, but existing benchmarks mostly test broad biological knowledge, executable workflows, or localized analysis steps rather than end-to-end scientific reasoning over spatial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ian Diks , Harihara Muralidharan , Tim Proctor , Kenny Workman

Language-based object detection is a promising direction towards building a natural interface to describe objects in images that goes far beyond plain category names. While recent methods show great progress in that direction, proper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Samuel Schulter , Vijay Kumar B G , Yumin Suh , Konstantinos M. Dafnis , Zhixing Zhang , Shiyu Zhao , Dimitris Metaxas

Landmark detection is central to many medical applications, such as identifying critical structures for treatment planning or defining control points for biometric measurements. However, manual annotation is labor-intensive and requires…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Alexandra Ertl , Stefan Denner , Robin Peretzke , Shuhan Xiao , David Zimmerer , Maximilian Fischer , Markus Bujotzek , Xin Yang , Peter Neher , Fabian Isensee , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

Given the remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), an important question arises: Can LLMs conduct human-like scientific research and discover new knowledge, and act as an AI scientist? Scientific discovery is an iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Tingting Chen , Srinivas Anumasa , Beibei Lin , Vedant Shah , Anirudh Goyal , Dianbo Liu

Manual annotation of anatomical landmarks on 3D facial scans is a time-consuming and expertise-dependent task, yet it remains critical for clinical assessments, morphometric analysis, and craniofacial research. While several deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ali Shadman Yazdi , Annalisa Cappella , Benedetta Baldini , Riccardo Solazzo , Gianluca Tartaglia , Chiarella Sforza , Giuseppe Baselli

Radiographic images are a cornerstone of medical diagnostics in orthopaedics, with anatomical landmark detection serving as a crucial intermediate step for information extraction. General-purpose foundational segmentation models, such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Ekaterina Stansfield , Jennifer A. Mitterer , Abdulrahman Altahhan

In the medical field, landmark detection in MRI plays an important role in reducing medical technician efforts in tasks like scan planning, image registration, etc. First, 88 landmarks spread across the brain anatomy in the three respective…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-02 Muhammad Ilyas Patel , Shrey Singla , Razeem Ahmad Ali Mattathodi , Sumit Sharma , Deepam Gautam , Srinivasa Rao Kundeti

We propose a novel landmarks-assisted collaborative end-to-end deep framework for automatic 4D FER. Using 4D face scan data, we calculate its various geometrical images, and afterwards use rank pooling to generate their dynamic images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Muzammil Behzad , Nhat Vo , Xiaobai Li , Guoying Zhao

Artificially intelligent perception is increasingly present in the lives of every one of us. Vehicles are no exception, (...) In the near future, pattern recognition will have an even stronger role in vehicles, as self-driving cars will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-23 João Ribeiro Pinto

Facial landmark detection, head pose estimation, and facial deformation analysis are typical facial behavior analysis tasks in computer vision. The existing methods usually perform each task independently and sequentially, ignoring their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Yue Wu , Chao Gou , Qiang Ji

Homologous anatomical landmarks between medical scans are instrumental in quantitative assessment of image registration quality in various clinical applications, such as MRI-ultrasound registration for tissue shift correction in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Soorena Salari , Amirhossein Rasoulian , Hassan Rivaz , Yiming Xiao

Modern AI algorithms require labeled data. In real world, majority of data are unlabeled. Labeling the data are costly. this is particularly true for some areas requiring special skills, such as reading radiology images by physicians. To…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-31 Yiran Huang , Jian-Feng Yang , Haoda Fu

The de facto algorithm for facial landmark estimation involves running a face detector with a subsequent deformable model fitting on the bounding box. This encompasses two basic problems: i) the detection and deformable fitting steps are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Jiankang Deng , George Trigeorgis , Yuxiang Zhou , Stefanos Zafeiriou
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