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An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is vital in cybersecurity, detecting unauthorized activity across networks. With attacks on network layers increasing, stronger IDSs are needed. Yet most IDSs rely on centralized detection, forcing IoT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mohammad Hossein Gholamrezazadeh , AhmadReza Montazerolghaem

The complexity of emerging sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks has sparked an upsurge in adopting artificial intelligence (AI) to underpin the challenges in network management and resource allocation under strict service level…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Farhad Rezazadeh , Hatim Chergui , Josep Mangues-Bafalluy

Explainable AI (XAI) aims to provide insight into opaque model reasoning to humans and as such is an interdisciplinary field by nature. In this paper, we interviewed 10 practitioners to understand the possible usability of training data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Elisa Nguyen , Evgenii Kortukov , Jean Y. Song , Seong Joon Oh

The increasing complexity of AI systems has led to the growth of the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), which aims to provide explanations and justifications for the outputs of AI algorithms. While there is considerable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Maryam Hashemi , Ali Darejeh , Francisco Cruz

The opacity of AI models necessitates both validation and evaluation before their integration into services. To investigate these models, explainable AI (XAI) employs methods that elucidate the relationship between input features and output…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Zerui Wang , Yan Liu

Explainability plays a crucial role in providing a more comprehensive understanding of deep learning models' behaviour. This allows for thorough validation of the model's performance, ensuring that its decisions are based on relevant visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 E. Zhixuan Zeng , Hayden Gunraj , Sheldon Fernandez , Alexander Wong

Explainable AI (XAI) provides methods to understand non-interpretable machine learning models. However, we have little knowledge about what legal experts expect from these explanations, including their legal compliance with, and value…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Laura State , Alejandra Bringas Colmenarejo , Andrea Beretta , Salvatore Ruggieri , Franco Turini , Stephanie Law

This article examines the application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in NLP based fake news detection and compares selected interpretability methods. The work outlines key aspects of disinformation, neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Krzysztof Siwek , Daniel Stankowski , Maciej Stodolski

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly permeating healthcare, from physician assistants to consumer applications. Since AI algorithm's opacity challenges human interaction, explainable AI (XAI) addresses this by providing AI…

The surge in black-box AI models has prompted the need to explain the internal mechanism and justify their reliability, especially in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and autonomous driving. Due to the lack of a rigorous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yongjie Wang , Tong Zhang , Xu Guo , Zhiqi Shen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential for analyzing complex data and solving highly-challenging tasks. It is being applied across numerous disciplines beyond computer science, including Food Engineering, where there is a growing…

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) and machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely used for solving important problems in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and precision medicine. However,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-24 Md. Rezaul Karim , Tanhim Islam , Oya Beyan , Christoph Lange , Michael Cochez , Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann , Stefan Decker

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly developed through advancements in computational power and the growth of massive datasets. However, this progress has also heightened challenges in interpreting the "black-box" nature of AI models. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shilin Sun , Wenbin An , Feng Tian , Fang Nan , Qidong Liu , Jun Liu , Nazaraf Shah , Ping Chen

There is a disconnect between explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI) methods and the types of explanations that are useful for and demanded by society (policy makers, government officials, etc.) Questions that experts in artificial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Leilani H. Gilpin , Cecilia Testart , Nathaniel Fruchter , Julius Adebayo

XAI refers to the techniques and methods for building AI applications which assist end users to interpret output and predictions of AI models. Black box AI applications in high-stakes decision-making situations, such as medical domain have…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques are frequently required by users in many AI systems with the goal of understanding complex models, their associated predictions, and gaining trust. While suitable for some specific tasks…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Savio Rozario , George Čevora

Anomaly detection (AD), also referred to as outlier detection, is a statistical process aimed at identifying observations within a dataset that significantly deviate from the expected pattern of the majority of the data. Such a process…

Explainable AI (XAI) systems have been proposed to help people understand how AI systems produce outputs and behaviors. Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) has an added complexity due to the temporal nature of sequential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Madhuri Singh , Amal Alabdulkarim , Gennie Mansi , Mark O. Riedl

A variety of explanation methods have been proposed in recent years to help users gain insights into the results returned by neural networks, which are otherwise complex and opaque black-boxes. However, explanations give rise to potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Pengrui Quan , Supriyo Chakraborty , Jeya Vikranth Jeyakumar , Mani Srivastava

Explainable AI (XAI) is an increasingly important area of machine learning research, which aims to make black-box models transparent and interpretable. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to XAI that uses the so-called counterfactual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Bastian Pfeifer , Mateusz Krzyzinski , Hubert Baniecki , Anna Saranti , Andreas Holzinger , Przemyslaw Biecek