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Unbreakable decomposition, introduced by Cygan et al. (SICOMP'19) and Cygan et al. (TALG'20), has proven to be one of the most powerful tools for parameterized graph cut problems in recent years. Unfortunately, all known constructions…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Aditya Anand , Euiwoong Lee , Jason Li , Yaowei Long , Thatchaphol Saranurak

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a class of graphs commonly used in practice, with examples that include electronic circuits, Bayesian networks, and neural architectures. While many effective encoders exist for DAGs, it remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Orion Foo , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are directed graphs in which there is no path from a vertex to itself. DAGs are an omnipresent data structure in computer science and the problem of counting the DAGs of given number of vertices and to sample…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Martin Pépin , Alfredo Viola

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to model causal relationships among random variables. In general, learning the DAG structure is both computationally and statistically challenging. Moreover, without additional information,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Ali Shojaie , Wenyu Chen

We propose a self-stabilizing algorithm to construct a minimal weakly $\mathcal{ST}$-reachable directed acyclic graph (DAG), which is suited for routing messages on wireless networks. Given an arbitrary, simple, connected, and undirected…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Junya Nakamura , Masahiro Shibata , Yuichi Sudo , Yonghwan Kim

We provide a method to obtain beyond-worst-case time complexity for any single-source-shortest-path (SSSP) algorithm by exploiting modular structures in graphs. The key novelty is a graph decomposition, called the acyclic-connected (A-C)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Elis Stefansson , Oliver Biggar , Karl H. Johansson

Enumerating the directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) of a Markov equivalence class (MEC) is an important primitive in causal analysis. The central resource from the perspective of computational complexity is the delay, that is, the time an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Marcel Wienöbst , Malte Luttermann , Max Bannach , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Directed acyclic graphical (DAG) models are a powerful tool for representing causal relationships among jointly distributed random variables, especially concerning data from across different experimental settings. However, it is not always…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Francisco Madaleno , Pratik Misra , Alex Markham

We investigate the odd multiway node (edge) cut problem where the input is a graph with a specified collection of terminal nodes and the goal is to find a smallest subset of nonterminal nodes (edges) to delete so that the terminal nodes do…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-09 Karthekeyan Chandrasekaran , Matthias Mnich , Sahand Mozaffari

A fundamental algorithmic problem at the heart of static analysis is Dyck reachability. The input is a graph where the edges are labeled with different types of opening and closing parentheses, and the reachability information is computed…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Bhavya Choudhary , Andreas Pavlogiannis

We generalise the insertion into a binary heap to any directed acyclic graph (DAG) with one source vertex. This lets us formulate a general method for converting any such DAG into a data structure with priority queue interface. We apply our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-04 Mikhail Gudim

DAG (directed acyclic graph) tasks are widely used to model parallel real-time workload. The real-time performance of a DAG task not only depends on its total workload, but also its graph structure. Intuitively, with the same total…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Qingqiang He , Nan Guan , Mingsong Lv

Let $G$ be a DAG with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. Two vertices $u,v$ are incomparable if $u$ doesn't reach $v$ and vice versa. We denote by \emph{width} of a DAG $G$, $w_G$, the maximum size of a set of incomparable vertices of $G$. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Giacomo Ortali , Ioannis G. Tollis

In this paper, we present a quantum algorithm for dynamic programming approach for problems on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The running time of the algorithm is $O(\sqrt{\hat{n}m}\log \hat{n})$, and the running time of the best known…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Kamil Khadiev , Liliya Safina

Funnels are a new natural subclass of DAGs. Intuitively, a DAG is a funnel if every source-sink path can be uniquely identified by one of its arcs. Funnels are an analog to trees for directed graphs that is more restrictive than DAGs but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Marcelo Garlet Millani , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Manuel Sorge

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) is the most common graphical model for representing causal relationships among a set of variables. When restricted to using only observational data, the structure of the ground truth DAG is identifiable only…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-12 AmirEmad Ghassami , Saber Salehkaleybar , Negar Kiyavash , Kun Zhang

We study reachability and shortest paths problems in dynamic directed graphs. Whereas algebraic dynamic data structures supporting edge updates and reachability/distance queries have been known for quite a long time, they do not, in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Adam Karczmarz , Anish Mukherjee , Piotr Sankowski

We study a graph partition problem where we are given a directed acyclic graph (DAG) whose vertices and arcs can be respectively regarded as tasks and dependencies among tasks. The objective of the problem is to minimize the total energy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Wei Liu , Jian-Jia Chen , Yongjie Yang

Acyclic and cyclic orientations of an undirected graph have been widely studied for their importance: an orientation is acyclic if it assigns a direction to each edge so as to obtain a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the same vertex set;…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Alessio Conte , Roberto Grossi , Andrea Marino , Romeo Rizzi

We consider the PC-algorithm Spirtes et. al. (2000) for estimating the skeleton of a very high-dimensional acyclic directed graph (DAG) with corresponding Gaussian distribution. The PC-algorithm is computationally feasible for sparse…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Markus Kalisch , Peter Buehlmann