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Related papers: A Better Test of Choice Overload

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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) excel at solving complex problems but face an overthinking dilemma. When handling simple tasks, they often produce verbose responses overloaded with thinking tokens (e.g., wait, however). These tokens trigger…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Bowen Ding , Yuhan Chen , Futing Wang , Lingfeng Ming , Tao Lin

We show that many bounded rationality patterns of choice can be alternatively represented as testable models of limited consideration, and we elicit the features of the associated unobserved consideration sets from the observed choice.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-03-08 Davide Carpentiere , Angelo Petralia

Testing of deep learning models is challenging due to the excessive number and complexity of computations involved. As a result, test data selection is performed manually and in an ad hoc way. This raises the question of how we can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Wei Ma , Mike Papadakis , Anestis Tsakmalis , Maxime Cordy , Yves Le Traon

This study evaluates large language models as estimable classifiers and clarifies how modeling choices shape downstream measurement error. Revisiting the Economic Policy Uncertainty index, we show that contemporary classifiers substantially…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-27 Ethan Hartley

We present an experimental illustration on the quantum sensitivity of decision making machinery. In the decision making process, we consider the role of available information, say hint, whether it influences the optimal choices. To the end,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Joong-Sung Lee , Jeongho Bang , Jinhyoung Lee , Kwang-Geol Lee

Tests can be useful towards resolving issues on code repositories. However, relying too much on tests for issue resolution can lead to code that technically passes observed tests but actually misses important cases or even breaks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Toufique Ahmed , Jatin Ganhotra , Avraham Shinnar , Martin Hirzel

Multicriteria decision analysis aims at supporting a person facing a decision problem involving conflicting criteria. We consider an additive utility model which provides robust conclusions based on preferences elicited from the decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-17 K. Belahcene , C. Labreuche , N. Maudet , V. Mousseau , W. Ouerdane

Overparameterized models with millions of parameters have been hugely successful. In this work, we ask: can the need for large models be, at least in part, due to the \emph{computational} limitations of the learner? Additionally, we ask, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Sanjam Garg , Somesh Jha , Saeed Mahloujifar , Mohammad Mahmoody , Mingyuan Wang

We use the exact finite sample likelihood and statistical decision theory to answer questions of ``why?'' and ``what should you have done?'' using data from randomized experiments and a utility function that prioritizes safety over…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-26 Neil Christy , A. E. Kowalski

This paper revisits the classic instrument choice problem in a setting with consumption externalities, through the lens of robust mechanism design. A regulator can implement any incentive-compatible policy but is uncertain about how…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-18 Zi Yang Kang

Adapting the final sample size of a trial to the evidence accruing during the trial is a natural way to address planning uncertainty. Designs with adaptive sample size need to account for their optional stopping to guarantee strict type-I…

We study size-based schedulers, and focus on the impact of inaccurate job size information on response time and fairness. Our intent is to revisit previous results, which allude to performance degradation for even small errors on job size…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-28 Matteo Dell'Amico , Damiano Carra , Mario Pastorelli , Pietro Michiardi

Experiments suggest that people fail to take into account interdependencies between their choices -- they do not broadly bracket. Researchers often instead assume that people narrowly bracket, but existing designs do not test it. We design…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-03-12 Andrew Ellis , David J. Freeman

Big data has ushered in a new wave of predictive power using machine learning models. In this work, we assess what {\it big} means in the context of typical materials-science machine-learning problems. This concerns not only data volume,…

Governments around the world aspire to ground decision-making on evidence. Many of the foundations of policy making - e.g. sensing patterns that relate to societal needs, developing evidence-based programs, forecasting potential outcomes of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Theodore Wolf , Nantas Nardelli , John Shawe-Taylor , Maria Perez-Ortiz

Many applications in preference learning assume that decisions come from the maximization of a stable utility function. Yet a large experimental literature shows that individual choices and judgements can be affected by "irrelevant" aspects…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Arjun Seshadri , Alexander Peysakhovich , Johan Ugander

Novel reinforcement learning algorithms, or improvements on existing ones, are commonly justified by evaluating their performance on benchmark environments and are compared to an ever-changing set of standard algorithms. However, despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Scott M. Jordan , Adam White , Bruno Castro da Silva , Martha White , Philip S. Thomas

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated remarkable problem-solving abilities in mathematics, as evaluated by existing benchmarks exclusively on well-defined problems. However, such evaluation setup constitutes a critical gap, since…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Youcheng Huang , Bowen Qin , Chen Huang , Duanyu Feng , Xi Yang , Wenqiang Lei

Estimation of individual treatment effects is commonly used as the basis for contextual decision making in fields such as healthcare, education, and economics. However, it is often sufficient for the decision maker to have estimates of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Maggie Makar , Fredrik D. Johansson , John Guttag , David Sontag

Data analysis impacts virtually every aspect of our society today. Often, this analysis is performed on an existing dataset, possibly collected through a process that the data scientists had limited control over. The existing data analyzed…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Abolfazl Asudeh , Zhongjun Jin , H. V. Jagadish