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SHACL is a W3C-proposed language for expressing structural constraints on RDF graphs. In recent years, SHACL's popularity has risen quickly. This rise in popularity comes with questions related to its place in the semantic web, particularly…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Bart Bogaerts , Maxime Jakubowski , Jan Van den Bussche

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is a recent W3C recommendation language for validating RDF data. Specifically, SHACL documents are collections of constraints that enforce particular shapes on an RDF graph. Previous work on the topic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Paolo Pareti , George Konstantinidis , Fabio Mogavero , Timothy J. Norman

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) has been recently introduced as a W3C recommendation to define constraints that can be validated against RDF graphs. Interactions of SHACL with other Semantic Web technologies, such as ontologies or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Paolo Pareti , George Konstantinidis , Timothy J. Norman , Murat Şensoy

We present an introduction and a review of the Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL), the W3C recommendation language for validating RDF data. A SHACL document describes a set of constraints on RDF nodes, and a graph is valid with respect to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Paolo Pareti , George Konstantinidis

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is the recent W3C recommendation language for validating RDF data, by verifying certain shapes on graphs. Previous work has largely focused on the validation problem and the standard decision problems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Paolo Pareti , George Konstantinidis , Fabio Mogavero

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) allows for formalizing constraints over RDF data graphs. A shape groups a set of constraints that may be fulfilled by nodes in the RDF graph. We investigate the problem of containment between SHACL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Martin Leinberger , Philipp Seifer , Tjitze Rienstra , Ralf Lämmel , Steffen Staab

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) was standardized by the World Wide Web as a constraint language to describe and validate RDF data graphs. SHACL uses the notion of shapes graph to describe a set of shape constraints paired with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Shqiponja Ahmetaj , Timo Camillo Merkl , Reinhard Pichler

ASHACL, a variant of the W3C Shapes Constraint Language, is designed to determine whether an RDF graph meets some conditions. These conditions are grouped into shapes, which validate whether particular RDF terms each meet the constraints of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Peter F. Patel-Schneider

SHACL (Shapes Constraint Language) expresses constraints on RDF data by means of so-called shapes. Its central service is validation: verifying whether a data graph complies with a SHACL document. But so far, there are no static analysis…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Anouk Oudshoorn , Magdalena Ortiz , Mantas Simkus

SHACL (SHApe Constraint Language) is a W3C standardized constraint language for RDF graphs. In this paper, we study SHACL validation in RDF graphs under updates. We present a SHACL-based update language that can capture intuitive and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Shqiponja Ahmetaj , George Konstantinidis , Magdalena Ortiz , Paolo Pareti , Mantas Simkus

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is the W3C Recommendation for validating a single RDF graph. This makes SHACL inadequate for validating data across (named) graphs in an RDF dataset. Existing workarounds, such as graph unions or…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Davan Chiem Dao , Christophe Debruyne

SHACL is a W3C-proposed language for expressing structural constraints on RDF graphs. The recommendation only specifies semantics for non-recursive SHACL; recently, some efforts have been made to allow recursive SHACL schemas. In this…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Bart Bogaerts , Maxime Jakubowski

In constraint languages for RDF graphs, such as ShEx and SHACL, constraints on nodes and their properties in RDF graphs are known as "shapes". Schemas in these languages list the various shapes that certain targeted nodes must satisfy for…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Thomas Delva , Anastasia Dimou , Maxime Jakubowski , Jan Van den Bussche

Knowledge graphs have emerged as expressive data structures for Web data. Knowledge graph potential and the demand for ecosystems to facilitate their creation, curation, and understanding, is testified in diverse domains, e.g., biomedicine.…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Mónica Figuera , Philipp D. Rohde , Maria-Esther Vidal

We present Shape Expressions (ShEx), an expressive schema language for RDF designed to provide a high-level, user friendly syntax with intuitive semantics. ShEx allows to describe the vocabulary and the structure of an RDF graph, and to…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-11-17 Iovka Boneva , Jose E. Labra Gayo , Eric G. Prud'hommeaux , Sławek Staworko

Graphs have emerged as an important foundation for a variety of applications, including capturing and reasoning over factual knowledge, semantic data integration, social networks, and providing factual knowledge for machine learning…

It is a strength of graph-based data formats, like RDF, that they are very flexible with representing data. To avoid run-time errors, program code that processes highly-flexible data representations exhibits the difficulty that it must…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Martin Leinberger , Philipp Seifer , Claudia Schon , Ralf Lämmel , Steffen Staab

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is a formal language for validating RDF graphs against a set of conditions. Following this idea and implementing a subset of the language, the Metadata Quality Assessment Framework provides Shacl4Bib:…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Péter Király

Recent studies on the Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL), a W3C specification for validating RDF graphs, rely on translating the language into first-order logic in order to provide formally-grounded solutions to the validation, containment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Paolo Pareti

SHACL and OWL are two prominent W3C standards for managing RDF data. These languages share many features, but they have one fundamental difference: OWL, designed for inferring facts from incomplete data, makes the open-world assumption,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anouk Oudshoorn , Magdalena Ortiz , Mantas Simkus
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