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Transit agencies have the opportunity to outsource certain services to established Mobility-on-Demand (MOD) providers. Such alliances can improve service quality, coverage, and ridership; reduce public sector costs and vehicular emissions;…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Kayla Cummings , Vikrant Vaze , Özlem Ergun , Cynthia Barnhart

We study the journey planning problem for multimodal networks consisting of public transit and a non-schedule-based transfer mode (e.g., walking, bicycle, e-scooter). So far, all efficient algorithms for this problem either restrict usage…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Moritz Potthoff , Jonas Sauer

This paper presents a comprehensive review of techniques proposed in the literature for solving bilevel optimization problems encountered in various real-life applications. Bilevel optimization is an appropriate choice for hierarchical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Dhaval Pujara , Ankur Sinha

The environment plays a critical role in multi-agent navigation by imposing spatial constraints, rules, and limitations that agents must navigate around. Traditional approaches treat the environment as fixed, without exploring its impact on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zhan Gao , Gabriele Fadini , Stelian Coros , Amanda Prorok

This paper analyzes a two-timescale stochastic algorithm framework for bilevel optimization. Bilevel optimization is a class of problems which exhibit a two-level structure, and its goal is to minimize an outer objective function with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-09 Mingyi Hong , Hoi-To Wai , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang

We envision a multimodal transportation system where Mobility-on-Demand (MoD) service is used to serve the first mile and last mile of transit trips. For this purpose, the current research formulates an optimization model for designing an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Pramesh Kumar , Alireza Khani

Modelling passenger assignments in public transport networks is a fundamental task for city planners, especially when deliberating network infrastructure decisions. A key aspect of a realistic model is to integrate passengers' selfish…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Tobias Harks , Sven Jäger , Michael Markl , Philine Schiewe

We study the problem of computing all Pareto-optimal journeys in a public transit network regarding the two criteria of arrival time and number of transfers taken. In recent years, great advances have been made in making public transit…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Sascha Witt

Given the counters of vehicles that traverse the roads of a traffic network, we reconstruct the travel demand that generated them expressed in terms of the number of origin-destination trips made by users. We model the problem as a bi-level…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-02 Nicklas Sindlev Andersen , Marco Chiarandini , Kristian Debrabant

In ride-hailing systems, drivers decide whether to accept or reject ride requests based on factors such as order characteristics, traffic conditions, and personal preferences. Accurately predicting these decisions is essential for improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Weiming Mai , Jie Gao , Oded Cats

In most cities, transit consists solely of fixed-route transportation, whence the inherent limited Quality of Service for travellers in suburban areas and during off-peak periods. On the other hand, completely replacing fixed-route (FR)…

General Economics · Economics 2023-02-01 Giovanni Calabro' , Andrea Araldo , Simon Oh , Ravi Seshadri , Giuseppe Inturri , Moshe Ben-Akiva

Microtransit offers opportunities to enhance urban mobility by combining the reliability of public transit and the flexibility of ride-sharing. This paper optimizes the design and operations of a deviated fixed-route microtransit system…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Bernardo Martin-Iradi , Alexandria Schmid , Kayla Cummings , Alexandre Jacquillat

Faster pathfinding in time-dependent transport networks is an important and challenging problem in navigation systems. There are two main types of transport networks: road networks for car driving and public transport route network. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Andrii Rohovyi , Peter J. Stuckey , Toby Walsh

Multimodal intelligent transportation systems (M-ITS) encompass a range of transportation services that utilise various modes of transport and incorporate intelligent technologies for enhanced efficiency and user experience. There are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Muhammad Farooq , Nima Afraz , Fatemeh Golpayegani

Accessibility measures how well a location is connected to surrounding opportunities. We focus on accessibility provided by Public Transit (PT). There is an evident inequality in the distribution of accessibility between city centers or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Duo Wang , Andrea Araldo , Mounim A. El Yacoubi

Despite the ubiquity of transportation data, methods to infer the state parameters of a network either ignore sensitivity of route decisions, require route enumeration for parameterizing descriptive models of route selection, or require…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Susan Jia Xu , Mehdi Nourinejad , Xuebo Lai , Joseph Y. J. Chow

Mobility-on-Demand (MoD) systems are generally designed and analyzed for a fixed and exogenous demand, but such frameworks fail to answer questions about the impact of these services on the urban transportation system, such as the effect of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Yang Liu , Prateek Bansal , Ricardo Daziano , Samitha Samaranayake

In this paper, we address a bicriteria network design problem that arises from practical applications in urban and rural public transportation planning. We establish the problem's complexity and demonstrate inapproximability results,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Dominik Leib , Susanne Fritzler , Neele Leithäuser

Global infrastructure robustness and local transport efficiency are critical requirements for transportation networks. However, since passengers often travel greedily to maximize their own benefit and trigger traffic jams, overall…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-01-09 Alessandro Lonardi , Caterina De Bacco

Designing Public Transport (PT) networks able to satisfy mobility needs of people is essential to reduce the number of individual vehicles on the road, and thus pollution and congestion. Urban sustainability is thus tightly coupled to an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Duo Wang , Maximilien Chau , Andrea Araldo