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Scene recognition is an important research topic in computer vision, while feature extraction is a key step of object recognition. Although classical Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) can efficiently represent complicated data, it is hard…

This is a tutorial and survey paper on Boltzmann Machine (BM), Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and Deep Belief Network (DBN). We start with the required background on probabilistic graphical models, Markov random field, Gibbs sampling,…

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are typically trained using finite-length Gibbs chains under a fixed sampling temperature. This practice implicitly assumes that the stochastic regime remains valid as the energy landscape evolves during…

Many real-world tasks, from associative memory to symbolic reasoning, benefit from discrete, structured representations that standard continuous latent models can struggle to express. We introduce the Gaussian-Multinoulli Restricted…

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) and models derived from them have been successfully used as basic building blocks in deep artificial neural networks for automatic features extraction, unsupervised weights initialization, but also as…

This review deals with Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) under the light of statistical physics. The RBM is a classical family of Machine learning (ML) models which played a central role in the development of deep learning. Viewing it as a…

Thermodynamics with internal variables is a common approach in continuum mechanics to model inelastic (i.e., non-equilibrium) material behavior. While this approach is computationally and theoretically attractive, it currently lacks a…

We consider a special type of Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), namely a Gaussian-spherical RBM where the visible units have Gaussian priors while the vector of hidden variables is constrained to stay on an ${\mathbbm L}_2$ sphere. The…

A new approach to maximum likelihood learning of discrete graphical models and RBM in particular is introduced. Our method, Perturb and Descend (PD) is inspired by two ideas (I) perturb and MAP method for sampling (II) learning by…

In this paper, we investigate the feature encoding process in a prototypical energy-based generative model, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM). We start with an analytical investigation using simplified architectures and data…

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and their variants are usually trained by contrastive divergence (CD) learning, but the training procedure is an unsupervised learning approach, without any guidances of the background knowledge. To…

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are widely used probabilistic undirected graphical models with visible and latent nodes, playing an important role in statistics and machine learning. The task of structure learning for RBMs involves…

Active learning seeks to reduce the amount of data required to fit the parameters of a model, thus forming an important class of techniques in modern machine learning. However, past work on active learning has largely overlooked latent…

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a class of neural networks that have been successfully employed as a variational ansatz for quantum many-body wave functions. Here, we develop an analytic method to study quantum many-body spin…

Dynamical models underpin our ability to understand and predict the behavior of natural systems. Whether dynamical models are developed from first-principles derivations or from observational data, they are predicated on our choice of state…

Recurrent State-space models (RSSMs) are highly expressive models for learning patterns in time series data and system identification. However, these models assume that the dynamics are fixed and unchanging, which is rarely the case in…

We study the problem of learning graphical models with latent variables. We give the first algorithm for learning locally consistent (ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic) Restricted Boltzmann Machines (or RBMs) with {\em arbitrary} external…

Learning or identifying dynamics from a sequence of high-dimensional observations is a difficult challenge in many domains, including reinforcement learning and control. The problem has recently been studied from a generative perspective…

Analyzing signals arising from dynamical systems typically requires many modeling assumptions and parameter estimation. In high dimensions, this modeling is particularly difficult due to the "curse of dimensionality". In this paper, we…

In this paper, we implement an information-theoretic approach to travel behaviour analysis by introducing a generative modelling framework to identify informative latent characteristics in travel decision making. It involves developing a…