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Related papers: Explainability as statistical inference

200 papers

Statistical modeling is a powerful tool for developing and testing theories by way of causal explanation, prediction, and description. In many disciplines there is near-exclusive use of statistical modeling for causal explanation and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-01-06 Galit Shmueli

This paper proposes a general interpretable predictive system with shared information. The system is able to perform predictions in a multi-task setting where distinct tasks are not bound to have the same input/output structure. Embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Maciej Żelaszczyk , Jacek Mańdziuk

We propose a new interpretability method for neural networks, which is based on a novel mathematico-philosophical theory of reasons. Our method computes a vector for each neuron, called its reasons vector. We then can compute how strongly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Levin Hornischer , Hannes Leitgeb

Decisions by Machine Learning (ML) models have become ubiquitous. Trusting these decisions requires understanding how algorithms take them. Hence interpretability methods for ML are an active focus of research. A central problem in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Philipp Schmidt , Felix Biessmann

It is widely recognized that the predictions of deep neural networks are difficult to parse relative to simpler approaches. However, the development of methods to investigate the mode of operation of such models has advanced rapidly in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Cosmas Heiß , Ron Levie , Cinjon Resnick , Gitta Kutyniok , Joan Bruna

Causal relationships play a pivotal role in research within the field of public administration. Ensuring reliable causal inference requires validating the predictability of these relationships, which is a crucial precondition. However,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhanyu Liu , Yang Yu

We provide a novel notion of what it means to be interpretable, looking past the usual association with human understanding. Our key insight is that interpretability is not an absolute concept and so we define it relative to a target model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Amit Dhurandhar , Vijay Iyengar , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan Shanmugam

The interpretability of ML models is important, but it is not clear what it amounts to. So far, most philosophers have discussed the lack of interpretability of black-box models such as neural networks, and methods such as explainable AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Tim Räz

Ensembles improve prediction performance and allow uncertainty quantification by aggregating predictions from multiple models. In deep ensembling, the individual models are usually black box neural networks, or recently, partially…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-26 Lucas Kook , Andrea Götschi , Philipp FM Baumann , Torsten Hothorn , Beate Sick

In this paper, we address the "black-box" problem in predictive process analytics by building interpretable models that are capable to inform both what and why is a prediction. Predictive process analytics is a newly emerged discipline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Bemali Wickramanayake , Zhipeng He , Chun Ouyang , Catarina Moreira , Yue Xu , Renuka Sindhgatta

Interpretability is crucial for machine learning algorithms in high-stakes medical applications. However, high-performing neural networks typically cannot explain their predictions. Post-hoc explanation methods provide a way to understand…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Susu Sun , Stefano Woerner , Andreas Maier , Lisa M. Koch , Christian F. Baumgartner

While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance, they tend to lack transparency in prediction. The pursuit of greater interpretability in neural networks often results in a degradation of their original performance. Some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Hefeng Wu , Hao Jiang , Keze Wang , Ziyi Tang , Xianghuan He , Liang Lin

Deep neural networks have been widely used in text classification. However, it is hard to interpret the neural models due to the complicate mechanisms. In this work, we study the interpretability of a variant of the typical text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Hao Cheng , Xiaoqing Yang , Zang Li , Yanghua Xiao , Yucheng Lin

Because of the pervasive usage of Neural Networks in human sensitive applications, their interpretability is becoming an increasingly important topic in machine learning. In this work we introduce a simple way to interpret the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Stefano Zamuner , Paolo De Los Rios

Recent research on model interpretability in natural language processing extensively uses feature scoring methods for identifying which parts of the input are the most important for a model to make a prediction (i.e. explanation or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-07 George Chrysostomou , Nikolaos Aletras

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success in various challenging tasks. However, the black-box nature of such networks is not acceptable to critical applications, such as healthcare. In particular, the existence of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Shaeke Salman , Seyedeh Neelufar Payrovnaziri , Xiuwen Liu , Pablo Rengifo-Moreno , Zhe He

The challenge of creating interpretable models has been taken up by two main research communities: ML researchers primarily focused on lower-level explainability methods that suit the needs of engineers, and HCI researchers who have more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Juan D. Pinto , Luc Paquette

Clinical decisions are high-stakes and require explicit justification, making model interpretability essential for auditing deep clinical models prior to deployment. As the ecosystem of model architectures and explainability methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yongda Fan , John Wu , Andrea Fitzpatrick , Naveen Baskaran , Jimeng Sun , Adam Cross

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known as black-box models. In other words, it is difficult to interpret the internal state of the model. Improving the interpretability of DNNs is one of the hot research topics. However, at present, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Masanari Kimura , Masayuki Tanaka

As artificial intelligence is increasingly affecting all parts of society and life, there is growing recognition that human interpretability of machine learning models is important. It is often argued that accuracy or other similar…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-27 Kush R. Varshney , Prashant Khanduri , Pranay Sharma , Shan Zhang , Pramod K. Varshney