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Advances in computing power, deep learning architectures, and expert labelled datasets have spurred the development of medical imaging artificial intelligence systems that rival clinical experts in a variety of scenarios. The National…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-18 Rohan Shad , John P. Cunningham , Euan A. Ashley , Curtis P. Langlotz , William Hiesinger

Deep learning affords enormous opportunities to augment the armamentarium of biomedical imaging, albeit its design and implementation have potential flaws. Fundamentally, most deep learning models are driven entirely by data without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Liyue Shen , Wei Zhao , Dante Capaldi , John Pauly , Lei Xing

Deep learning has driven significant advances in medical image analysis, yet its adoption in clinical practice remains constrained by the large size and lack of transparency in modern models. Advances in interpretability techniques such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Nikita Malik , Pratinav Seth , Neeraj Kumar Singh , Chintan Chitroda , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare imaging has revolutionized diagnostic medicine and clinical decision-making processes. This work presents an intelligent multimodal framework for medical image analysis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Samer Al-Hamadani

What has happened in machine learning lately, and what does it mean for the future of medical image analysis? Machine learning has witnessed a tremendous amount of attention over the last few years. The current boom started around 2009 when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Alexander Selvikvåg Lundervold , Arvid Lundervold

Deep learning methods have been very effective for a variety of medical diagnostic tasks and has even beaten human experts on some of those. However, the black-box nature of the algorithms has restricted clinical use. Recent explainability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Amitojdeep Singh , Sourya Sengupta , Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan

This paper proposes an introspective deep metric learning (IDML) framework for uncertainty-aware comparisons of images. Conventional deep metric learning methods produce confident semantic distances between images regardless of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Wenzhao Zheng , Chengkun Wang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

The advent of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in medical image analysis has the potential to help process multimodal inputs and increase performance over traditional inference methods. However, when considering the domain in which these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Sparsh Bansal , Mingyang Wu , Xin Wang , Shu Hu

The rapid advancement of foundation models in medical imaging represents a significant leap toward enhancing diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment. However, the deployment of foundation models in healthcare necessitates a rigorous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Congzhen Shi , Ryan Rezai , Jiaxi Yang , Qi Dou , Xiaoxiao Li

Deep unrolling is an emerging deep learning-based image reconstruction methodology that bridges the gap between model-based and purely deep learning-based image reconstruction methods. Although deep unrolling methods achieve…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-21 Canberk Ekmekci , Mujdat Cetin

Medical imaging is playing a more and more important role in clinics. However, there are several issues in different imaging modalities such as slow imaging speed in MRI, radiation injury in CT and PET. Therefore, accelerating MRI, reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Jing Cheng , Haifeng Wang , Yanjie Zhu , Qiegen Liu , Qiyang Zhang , Ting Su , Jianwei Chen , Yongshuai Ge , Zhanli Hu , Xin Liu , Hairong Zheng , Leslie Ying , Dong Liang

Clinical trials are a systematic endeavor to assess the safety and efficacy of new drugs or treatments. Conducting such trials typically demands significant financial investment and meticulous planning, highlighting the need for accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Tien Huu Do , Antoine Masquelier , Nae Eoun Lee , Jonathan Crowther

Medicine is rife with high-stakes uncertainty. Doctors routinely make clinical judgments and decisions that juggle many fundamental unknowns, like predictions about what might be causing a patients' symptoms or decisions about what…

Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice. Inspired by the significant progress in automatic image captioning, various deep learning (DL)-based methods have been proposed to generate radiology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Yixin Wang , Zihao Lin , Zhe Xu , Haoyu Dong , Jiang Tian , Jie Luo , Zhongchao Shi , Yang Zhang , Jianping Fan , Zhiqiang He

In the fast-evolving field of medical image analysis, Deep Learning (DL)-based methods have achieved tremendous success. However, these methods require plaintext data for training and inference stages, raising privacy concerns, especially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Mengyu Sun , Ziyuan Yang , Maosong Ran , Zhiwen Wang , Hui Yu , Yi Zhang

This paper proposes an introspective deep metric learning (IDML) framework for uncertainty-aware comparisons of images. Conventional deep metric learning methods focus on learning a discriminative embedding to describe the semantic features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chengkun Wang , Wenzhao Zheng , Zheng Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Computational imaging is crucial in many disciplines from autonomous driving to life sciences. However, traditional model-driven and iterative methods consume large computational power and lack scalability for imaging. Deep learning (DL) is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Weiru Fan , Xiaobin Tang , Yiyi Liao , Da-Wei Wang

The establishment of image correspondence through robust image registration is critical to many clinical tasks such as image fusion, organ atlas creation, and tumor growth monitoring, and is a very challenging problem. Since the beginning…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-01-22 Grant Haskins , Uwe Kruger , Pingkun Yan

Inevitable domain and task discrepancies in real-world scenarios can impair the generalization performance of the pre-trained deep models for medical data. Therefore, we audaciously propose that we should build a general-purpose medical AI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Huahui Yi , Ziyuan Qin , Qicheng Lao , Wei Xu , Zekun Jiang , Dequan Wang , Shaoting Zhang , Kang Li

Deep Learning (DL) requires a large amount of training data to provide quality outcomes. However, the field of medical imaging suffers from the lack of sufficient data for properly training DL models because medical images require manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Laith Alzubaidi , J. Santamaría , Mohamed Manoufali , Beadaa Mohammed , Mohammed A. Fadhel , Jinglan Zhang , Ali H. Al-Timemy , Omran Al-Shamma , Ye Duan