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Code-switching, or alternating between languages within a single conversation, presents challenges for multilingual language models on NLP tasks. This research investigates if pre-training Multilingual BERT (mBERT) on code-switched datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Katherine Xie , Nitya Babbar , Vicky Chen , Yoanna Turura

We analyze transformers from the perspective of iterative inference, seeking to understand how model predictions are refined layer by layer. To do so, we train an affine probe for each block in a frozen pretrained model, making it possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Nora Belrose , Igor Ostrovsky , Lev McKinney , Zach Furman , Logan Smith , Danny Halawi , Stella Biderman , Jacob Steinhardt

Less than 1% of protein sequences are structurally and functionally annotated. Natural Language Processing (NLP) community has recently embraced self-supervised learning as a powerful approach to learn representations from unlabeled text,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-08 Modestas Filipavicius , Matteo Manica , Joris Cadow , Maria Rodriguez Martinez

The inaccurate translation of numbers can lead to significant security issues, ranging from financial setbacks to medical inaccuracies. While large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in machine translation, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Wei Tang , Jiawei Yu , Yuang Li , Yanqing Zhao , Weidong Zhang , Wei Feng , Min Zhang , Hao Yang

Large language models based on transformer architectures have become integral to state-of-the-art natural language processing applications. However, their training remains computationally expensive and exhibits instabilities, some of which…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-14 Stanislav Budzinskiy , Wenyi Fang , Longbin Zeng , Philipp Petersen

Large Transformer-based models have exhibited superior performance in various natural language processing and computer vision tasks. However, these models contain enormous amounts of parameters, which restrict their deployment to real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Qingru Zhang , Simiao Zuo , Chen Liang , Alexander Bukharin , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Tuo Zhao

End-to-end Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) models are made increasingly large and complex to achieve the state-ofthe-art accuracy. However, the increased complexity of a model can also introduce high risk of over-fitting, which is a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-14 Xueli Jia , Jianzong Wang , Zhiyong Zhang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Large language models based on the transformer architecture can solve highly complex tasks, yet their fundamental limitations on simple algorithmic problems remain poorly understood. In this work, we focus on basic counting tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Gilad Yehudai , Haim Kaplan , Guy Dar , Royi Rassin , Asma Ghandeharioun , Mor Geva , Amir Globerson

In this paper, we explore the challenges associated with establishing an end-to-end fact-checking pipeline in a real-world context, covering over 90 languages. Our real-world experimental benchmarks demonstrate that fine-tuning Transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Vinay Setty

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in highly-specialized domains, however challenges are still present in aspects of accuracy and costs. These limitations restrict the usage of existing models in domain-specific tasks. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Iftach Arbel , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Recent success of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has stimulated interest in their ability to understand and work with numbers. Yet, the numerical reasoning over measurements has not been formally studied despite their importance. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Sungjin Park , Seungwoo Ryu , Edward Choi

The increasing scale of Transformer models has led to an increase in their pre-training computational requirements. While quantization has proven to be effective after pre-training and during fine-tuning, applying quantization in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Kamran Chitsaz , Quentin Fournier , Gonçalo Mordido , Sarath Chandar

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) networks have emerged as a promising method for transferring learned knowledge across different tasks. However, MTL must deal with challenges such as: overfitting to low resource tasks, catastrophic forgetting, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Jonathan Pilault , Amine Elhattami , Christopher Pal

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

We introduce a novel approach to transformers that learns hierarchical representations in multiparty dialogue. First, three language modeling tasks are used to pre-train the transformers, token- and utterance-level language modeling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Changmao Li , Jinho D. Choi

With the increasing of model capacity brought by pre-trained language models, there emerges boosting needs for more knowledgeable natural language processing (NLP) models with advanced functionalities including providing and making flexible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Da Yin , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Kai-Wei Chang , Furu Wei , Jianfeng Gao

The capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in low-resource languages lag far behind those in English, making their universal accessibility a significant challenge. To alleviate this, we present $\textit{Franken-Adapter}$, a modular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Fan Jiang , Honglin Yu , Grace Chung , Trevor Cohn

Machine translation (MT) systems that support low-resource languages often struggle on specialized domains. While researchers have proposed various techniques for domain adaptation, these approaches typically require model fine-tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Raphaël Merx , Hanna Suominen , Lois Hong , Nick Thieberger , Trevor Cohn , Ekaterina Vylomova

The performance of multilingual pretrained models is highly dependent on the availability of monolingual or parallel text present in a target language. Thus, the majority of the world's languages cannot benefit from recent progress in NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Graham Neubig

Can we teach natural language understanding models to track their beliefs through intermediate points in text? We propose a representation learning framework called breakpoint modeling that allows for learning of this type. Given any text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Kyle Richardson , Ronen Tamari , Oren Sultan , Reut Tsarfaty , Dafna Shahaf , Ashish Sabharwal