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Molecules in equilibrium follow a Boltzmann distribution, making the underlying energy landscape a physically grounded modeling objective. However, such landscapes are difficult to learn from data and, once learned, hard to sample from.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christoph Griesbacher , Lea Bogensperger , Andreas Habring , Thomas Pock

The depth of knowledge offered by post-genomic medicine has carried the promise of new drugs, and cures for multiple diseases. To explore the degree to which this capability has materialized, we extract meta-data from 356,403 clinical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-26 Kishore Vasan , Deisy Gysi , Albert-Laszlo Barabasi

Structure-based drug design (SBDD), aiming to generate 3D molecules with high binding affinity toward target proteins, is a vital approach in novel drug discovery. Although recent generative models have shown great potential, they suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jingyuan Zhou , Hao Qian , Shikui Tu , Lei Xu

In the field of Structure-based Drug Design (SBDD), deep learning-based generative models have achieved outstanding performance in terms of docking score. However, further study shows that the existing molecular generative methods and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-21 Bowen Gao , Minsi Ren , Yuyan Ni , Yanwen Huang , Bo Qiang , Zhi-Ming Ma , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Plasmonic nanocavities are molecule-nanoparticle junctions that offer a promising approach to upconvert terahertz radiation into visible or near-infrared light, enabling nanoscale detection at room temperature. However, the identification…

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a valuable tool in drug design, offering the potential to propose and optimize molecules with desired properties. However, striking a balance between capabilities, flexibility,…

Deploying generative machine learning techniques to generate novel chemical structures based on molecular fingerprint representation has been well established in molecular design. Typically, sequential learning (SL) schemes such as hidden…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-07 Mohammad Sajjad Ghaemi , Karl Grantham , Isaac Tamblyn , Yifeng Li , Hsu Kiang Ooi

Generating novel drug molecules with desired biological properties is a time consuming and complex task. Conditional generative adversarial models have recently been proposed as promising approaches for de novo drug design. In this paper,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-26 Yuansan Liu , James Bailey

Predicting drug-target interactions (DTI) is an essential part of the drug discovery process, which is an expensive process in terms of time and cost. Therefore, reducing DTI cost could lead to reduced healthcare costs for a patient. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Bonggun Shin , Sungsoo Park , Keunsoo Kang , Joyce C. Ho

Generative AI has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery. Yet, despite recent advances in deep learning, existing models cannot generate molecules that satisfy all desired physicochemical properties. Herein, we describe IDOLpro, a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Amit Kadan , Kevin Ryczko , Erika Lloyd , Adrian Roitberg , Takeshi Yamazaki

Navigating the vast chemical space of molecular structures to design novel drug molecules with desired target properties remains a central challenge in drug discovery. Recent advances in generative models offer promising solutions. This…

Recent papers have demonstrated the possibility of energy-based text generation by adapting gradient-based sampling algorithms, a paradigm of MCMC algorithms that promises fast convergence. However, as we show in this paper, previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Li Du , Afra Amini , Lucas Torroba Hennigen , Xinyan Velocity Yu , Jason Eisner , Holden Lee , Ryan Cotterell

Self-supervised neural language models have recently found wide applications in generative design of organic molecules and protein sequences as well as representation learning for downstream structure classification and functional…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-21 Lai Wei , Nihang Fu , Yuqi Song , Qian Wang , Jianjun Hu

Discovering new materials better suited to specific purposes is an important issue in improving the quality of human life. Here, a neural network that creates molecules that meet some desired conditions based on a deep understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Hyunseung Kim , Jonggeol Na , Won Bo Lee

Recent advancements in generative models have established state-of-the-art benchmarks in the generation of molecules and novel drug candidates. Despite these successes, a significant gap persists between generative models and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Aditya Malusare , Vaneet Aggarwal

Recent advancements in deep learning-based modeling of molecules promise to accelerate in silico drug discovery. A plethora of generative models is available, building molecules either atom-by-atom and bond-by-bond or fragment-by-fragment.…

A fundamental problem in drug discovery is to design molecules that bind to specific proteins. To tackle this problem using machine learning methods, here we propose a novel and effective framework, known as GraphBP, to generate 3D…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-31 Meng Liu , Youzhi Luo , Kanji Uchino , Koji Maruhashi , Shuiwang Ji

A fundamental task in science is to design experiments that yield valuable insights about the system under study. Mathematically, these insights can be represented as a utility or risk function that shapes the value of conducting each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Christopher Tosh , Mauricio Tec , Wesley Tansey

Machine learning has huge potential to revolutionize the field of drug discovery and is attracting increasing attention in recent years. However, lacking domain knowledge (e.g., which tasks to work on), standard benchmarks and data…

Drug discovery remains a slow and expensive process that involves many steps, from detecting the target structure to obtaining approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and is often riddled with safety concerns. Accurate…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-22 Ali Vefghi , Zahed Rahmati , Mohammad Akbari