English
Related papers

Related papers: Particle acceleration at ultrarelativistic, perpen…

200 papers

Highly energetic, relativistic electrons are commonly present in many astrophysical systems, from solar flares to the intra-cluster medium, as indicated by observed electromagnetic radiation. However, open questions remain about the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Domenico Trotta , Luca Franci , David Burgess , Petr Hellinger

We hypothesize that a charged particle in unbounded vacuum can be substantially accelerated by a force linear in the electric field of a propagating electromagnetic wave only if the accelerating field is capable of bringing the particle to…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2013-11-25 Liang Jie Wong , Franz X. Kärtner

While a growing body of research indicates that relativistic magnetic reconnection is a prodigious source of particle acceleration in high-energy astrophysical systems, the dominant acceleration mechanism remains controversial. Using a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-17 Fan Guo , Xiaocan Li , William Daughton , Patrick Kilian , Hui Li , Yi-Hsin Liu , Wangcheng Yan , Dylan Ma

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous structures throughout the universe. Shock waves in space and astrophysical plasmas convert the energy of a fast-flowing plasma to other forms of energy, including thermal and magnetic energies. Plasma…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Hadi Madanian , Imogen Gingell , Li-Jen Chen , Eli Monyek

We investigate the acceleration of charged particles (both electrons and protons) at collisionless shocks predicted to exist in the vicinity of solar flares. The existence of standing termination shocks has been examined by flare models and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Fan Guo , Joe Giacalone

It is shown that a non-relativistic Fermi particle with a non-zero rest energy moving in a pseudoscalar ${\delta}$-function potential in one dimension can be confined for both signs of the coupling constant. The binding energies depend on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-18 Fuad M. Saradzhev

Energetic particles spectra at interplanetary shocks often exhibit a power law within a narrow momentum range softening at higher energy. We introduce a transport equation accounting for particle acceleration and escape with diffusion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-10 Federico Fraschetti

We discuss a semi-analytical solution of the transport equation for electrons at a non-relativistic shock in the presence of synchrotron energy losses. We calculate the spectrum of accelerated (test) particles at any point upstream and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-14 Pasquale Blasi

Stochastic particle acceleration in turbulent plasmas plays a key role in shaping high-energy emission from relativistic outflows, such as those in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and microquasars. While traditional Fermi-II models provide a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-11 Anton Dmytriiev , Frans van der Merwe , Markus Böttcher

We review the physics of relativistic shocks, which are often invoked as the sources of non-thermal particles in pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets, and as possible sources of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-21 Lorenzo Sironi , Uri Keshet , Martin Lemoine

We analytically study diffusive particle acceleration in relativistic, collisionless shocks. We find a simple relation between the spectral index s and the anisotropy of the momentum distribution along the shock front. Based on this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Uri Keshet , Eli Waxman

Observations of gamma-ray burst afterglows suggest that the correlation length of magnetic field fluctuations downstream of relativistic non-magnetized collisionless shocks grows with distance from the shock to scales much larger than the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Boaz Katz , Uri Keshet , Eli Waxman

Relativistic shocks are considered efficient accelerators of charged particles and play crucial roles in high-energy astrophysical phenomena, such as gamma-ray bursts and pulsar winds. This study focuses on positron accelerations in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-25 Shori Arai , Yosuke Matsumoto

Stochastic acceleration of electrons and protons by waves propagating parallel to the large scale magnetic fields of magnetized plasmas is studied with emphasis on the feasibility of accelerating particles from a thermal background to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-16 Vahé Petrosian , Siming Liu

A full particle simulation study is carried out on the electron acceleration at a collisionless, relatively low Alfven Mach number (M_A=5), perpendicular shock. Recent self-consistent hybrid shock simulations have demonstrated that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Takayuki Umeda , Masahiro Yamao , Ryo Yamazaki

Relativistic shocks propagating into a medium with low magnetization are generated and sustained by small-scale but very strong magnetic field turbulence. This so-called "microturbulence" modifies the typical shock acceleration process, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-16 Donald C. Warren , Catherine A. A. Beauchemin , Maxim V. Barkov , Shigehiro Nagataki

Ab-initio numerical study of collisionless shocks in electron-ion unmagnetized plasmas is performed with fully relativistic particle in cell simulations. The main properties of the shock are shown, focusing on the implications for particle…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-11 S. F. Martins , R. A. Fonseca , L. O. Silva , W. B. Mori

Shock acceleration is a ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysical plasmas. Plasma waves and their associated instabilities (e.g., Buneman, Weibel and other two-stream instabilities) created in collisionless shocks are responsible for particle…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 K. -I. Nishikawa , P. Hardee , C. B. Hededal , G. Richardson , H. Sol , R. Preece , G. J. Fishman

One of the main features of astrophysical shocks is their ability to accelerate particles to extremely high energies. The leading acceleration mechanism, the diffusive shock acceleration is reviewed. It is demonstrated that its efficiency…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 M. A. Malkov , P. H. Diamond

Collisionless relativistic shocks have been the focus of intense theoretical and numerical investigations in recent years. The acceleration of particles, the generation of electromagnetic microturbulence and the building up of a shock front…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Illya Plotnikov , Guy Pelletier , Martin Lemoine