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Anomalous relaxation and diffusion processes have been widely characterized by fractional derivative models, where the definition of the fractional-order derivative remains a historical debate due to the singular memory kernel that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-17 HongGuang Sun , Xiaoxiao Hao , Yong Zhang , Dumitru Baleanu

Fractional calculus, in allowing integrals and derivatives of any positive order (the term "fractional" kept only for historical reasons), can be considered a branch of mathematical physics which mainly deals with integro-differential…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-02-02 Francesco Mainardi

A new definition of a fractional derivative has recently been developed, making use of a fractional Dirac delta function as its integral kernel. This derivative allows for the definition of a distributional fractional derivative, and as…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-05-16 Evan Camrud

Viscoelasticity and related phenomena are of great importance in the study of mechanical properties of material especially, biological materials. Certain materials show some complex effects in mechanical tests, which cannot be described by…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-09-19 Mohammad Amirian Matlob , Yousef Jamali

In mathematical modeling of the non-squared frequency-dependent diffusions, also known as the anomalous diffusions, it is desirable to have a positive real Fourier transform for the time derivative of arbitrary fractional or odd integer…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 W Chen

We investigate evolution equations for anomalous diffusion employing fractional derivatives in space and time. Linkage between the space-time variables leads to a new type of fractional derivative operator. Fractional diffusion equations…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrzej J. Turski , Barbara Atamaniuk , Ewa Turska

Recently, we have proposed a new diffusive representation for fractional derivatives and, based on this representation, suggested an algorithm for their numerical computation. From the construction of the algorithm, it is immediately…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-12 Kai Diethelm

Historically the fractional calculus concept works an extended idea based on the question asked by Guillaume de L'H\^opital to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1695 about the notation ${d^nf}/{dx^n}$ for the derivative operator "What if…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 J. J. A. de Oliveira , C. F. L. Godinho

We are witnessing the birth of a new variety of pharmacokinetics where non-integer-order differential equations are employed to study the time course of drugs in the body: this is dubbed "fractional pharmacokinetics." The presence of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Pantelis Sopasakis , Haralambos Sarimveis , Panos Macheras , Aristides Dokoumetzidis

This article provides an accessible introduction to fractional derivatives, a concept that extends classical calculus by allowing derivatives of non-integer order. It explores both the fundamental definitions and some of the most relevant…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Félix del Teso , David Gómez-Castro

Many physical, biological, and engineered systems exhibit memory effects that challenge Markovian models. Fractional calculus provides nonlocal operators to capture hereditary dynamics. This survey connects modeling, analysis, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Navid Mojahed , Hooman Fatoorehchi , Shima Nazari

In the present article, a new method for the evaluation of fractional derivatives of arbitrary real order is proposed. Numerous but inequivalent formulations have been given in the past. Some of them exhibit unsatisfactory properties such…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Cyril Belardinelli

Integer-order differential operators were originally used to describe local and isotropic effects, in both space and time. However, in fields like biology, the modelling of complex phenomena with spatial heterogeneity necessitates more…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Cypres Verbeeck , Nikolaos Sfakianakis

The fractional calculus of variations is now a subject under strong research. Different definitions for fractional derivatives and integrals are used, depending on the purpose under study. In this paper the fractional operators are defined…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-02-01 Agnieszka B. Malinowska

We introduce a general notion of fractional (noninteger) derivative for functions defined on arbitrary time scales. The basic tools for the time-scale fractional calculus (fractional differentiation and fractional integration) are then…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Nadia Benkhettou , Artur M. C. Brito da Cruz , Delfim F. M. Torres

Power laws in time and frequency appear in fields such as linear viscoelasticity and acoustics, viscous boundary layer problems, and dielectrics. This is consistent with fractional derivatives in the fundamental descriptions, since power…

General Physics · Physics 2023-08-16 Sverre Holm

We derive backward and forward fractional Schr\"odinger type of equations for the distribution of functionals of the path of a particle undergoing anomalous diffusion. Fractional substantial derivatives introduced by Friedrich and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-03-17 Lior Turgeman , Shai Carmi , Eli Barkai

As an essential characteristics of fractional calculus, the memory effect is served as one of key factors to deal with diverse practical issues, thus has been received extensive attention since it was born. By combining the fractional…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Wanli Xie , Wen-Ze Wu , Chong Liu , Mark Goh

Modeling of phenomena such as anomalous transport via fractional-order differential equations has been established as an effective alternative to partial differential equations, due to the inherent ability to describe large-scale behavior…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-10-25 Jorge Suzuki , Mamikon Gulian , Mohsen Zayernouri , Marta D'Elia

The fractional material derivative appears as the fractional operator that governs the dynamics of the scaling limits of L\'evy walks - a stochastic process that originates from the famous continuous-time random walks. It is usually defined…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Łukasz Płociniczak , Marek A. Teuerle
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