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Robust content moderation requires classification systems that can quickly adapt to evolving policies without costly retraining. We present classification using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which shifts traditional classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Richard Willats , Josh Pennington , Aravind Mohan , Bertie Vidgen

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable versatility and adaptability, while their widespread adoption across various applications also raises critical safety concerns. This paper focuses on the impact of backdoored LLMs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiyang Qiu , Xinbei Ma , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Yun Li , Qianren Wang

Mitigating the generation of contradictory responses poses a substantial challenge in dialogue response generation. The quality and quantity of available contradictory response data play a vital role in suppressing these contradictions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Shiki Sato , Reina Akama , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

Non-goal oriented dialog agents (i.e. chatbots) aim to produce varying and engaging conversations with a user; however, they typically exhibit either inconsistent personality across conversations or the average personality of all users.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Alex Boyd , Raul Puri , Mohammad Shoeybi , Mostofa Patwary , Bryan Catanzaro

With the availability of massive general-domain dialogue data, pre-trained dialogue generation appears to be super appealing to transfer knowledge from the general domain to downstream applications. In most existing work, such transferable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Xueliang Zhao , Lemao Liu , Tingchen Fu , Shuming Shi , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly enhances Large Language Models (LLMs), but simultaneously exposes a critical vulnerability to knowledge poisoning attacks. Existing attack methods like PoisonedRAG remain detectable due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ziye Wang , Guanyu Wang , Kailong Wang

Open-domain dialogue generation suffers from the data insufficiency problem due to the vast size of potential responses. In this paper, we propose to explore potential responses by counterfactual reasoning. Given an observed response, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Qingfu Zhu , Weinan Zhang , Ting Liu , William Yang Wang

Addressing the critical shortage of mental health resources for effective screening, diagnosis, and treatment remains a significant challenge. This scarcity underscores the need for innovative solutions, particularly in enhancing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Maneesh Bilalpur , Mert Inan , Dorsa Zeinali , Jeffrey F. Cohn , Malihe Alikhani

Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated significant advancements in generating high-quality images, while raising potential safety concerns regarding harmful content generation. Safety-guidance-based methods have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yongli Xiang , Ziming Hong , Zhaoqing Wang , Xiangyu Zhao , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Hate speech detection is a crucial area of research in natural language processing, essential for ensuring online community safety. However, detecting implicit hate speech, where harmful intent is conveyed in subtle or indirect ways,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yumin Kim , Hwanhee Lee

In open-domain conversational systems, it is important but challenging to leverage background knowledge. We can use the incorporation of knowledge to make the generation of dialogue controllable, and can generate more diverse sentences that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Cheng Luo , Dayiheng Liu , Chanjuan Li , Li Lu , Jiancheng Lv

Safety classifiers are critical in mitigating toxicity on online forums such as social media and in chatbots. Still, they continue to be vulnerable to emergent, and often innumerable, adversarial attacks. Traditional automated adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Yash Kumar Lal , Preethi Lahoti , Aradhana Sinha , Yao Qin , Ananth Balashankar

Recent advances in natural language processing and machine learning have led to the development of chatbot models, such as ChatGPT, that can engage in conversational dialogue with human users. However, the ability of these models to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Bocheng Chen , Guangjing Wang , Hanqing Guo , Yuanda Wang , Qiben Yan

Reasoning about events and tracking their influences is fundamental to understanding processes. In this paper, we present EIGEN - a method to leverage pre-trained language models to generate event influences conditioned on a context, nature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Aman Madaan , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Yiming Yang , Abhilasha Ravichander , Eduard Hovy , Shrimai Prabhumoye

Recent advances in deep learning techniques have enabled machines to generate cohesive open-ended text when prompted with a sequence of words as context. While these models now empower many downstream applications from conversation bots to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Jwala Dhamala , Tony Sun , Varun Kumar , Satyapriya Krishna , Yada Pruksachatkun , Kai-Wei Chang , Rahul Gupta

Recent progress on neural approaches for language processing has triggered a resurgence of interest on building intelligent open-domain chatbots. However, even the state-of-the-art neural chatbots cannot produce satisfying responses for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Behnam Hedayatnia , Di Jin , Yang Liu , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

It has always been an important yet challenging problem to control language models to avoid generating texts with undesirable attributes, such as toxic language and unnatural repetition. We introduce Click for controllable text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Chujie Zheng , Pei Ke , Zheng Zhang , Minlie Huang

The generation of safety-critical scenarios in simulation has become increasingly crucial for safety evaluation in autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment in society. However, current approaches largely rely on predefined threat…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiangfan Liu , Yongkang Guo , Fangzhi Zhong , Tianyuan Zhang , Zonglei Jing , Siyuan Liang , Jiakai Wang , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Adversarial examples are helpful for analyzing and improving the robustness of text classifiers. Generating high-quality adversarial examples is a challenging task as it requires generating fluent adversarial sentences that are semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Lei Xu , Alfredo Cuesta-Infante , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Recent work has shown it is possible to construct adversarial examples that cause an aligned language model to emit harmful strings or perform harmful behavior. Existing attacks work either in the white-box setting (with full access to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jonathan Hayase , Ema Borevkovic , Nicholas Carlini , Florian Tramèr , Milad Nasr
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