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State-of-the-art model-based reinforcement learning methods train policies on imagined rollouts. These rollouts are trajectories generated by a learned dynamics model and are scored by a learned reward model, but without querying the true…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nadav Timor , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Micah Goldblum , Yann LeCun , David Harel

This paper proposes a simple strategy for sim-to-real in Deep-Reinforcement Learning (DRL) -- called Roll-Drop -- that uses dropout during simulation to account for observation noise during deployment without explicitly modelling its…

Conditional diffusion models provide a natural framework for probabilistic prediction of dynamical systems and have been successfully applied to fluid dynamics and weather prediction. However, in many settings, the available information at…

Data-driven modeling and machine learning are widely used to model the behavior of dynamic systems. One application is the residual evaluation of technical systems where model predictions are compared with measurement data to create…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Arman Mohammadi , Theodor Westny , Daniel Jung , Mattias Krysander

Numerical simulations of complex multiphysics systems, such as char combustion considered herein, yield numerous state variables that inherently exhibit physical constraints. This paper presents a new approach to augment Operator Inference…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Hyeonghun Kim , Boris Kramer

Understanding how complex systems respond to perturbations, such as whether they will remain stable or what their most sensitive patterns are, is a fundamental challenge across science and engineering. Traditional stability and receptivity…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-28 Chengyun Wang , Liwei Chen , Nils Thuerey

Dropout, a simple and effective way to train deep neural networks, has led to a number of impressive empirical successes and spawned many recent theoretical investigations. However, the gap between dropout's training and inference phases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Xuezhe Ma , Yingkai Gao , Zhiting Hu , Yaoliang Yu , Yuntian Deng , Eduard Hovy

The development of data-informed predictive models for dynamical systems is of widespread interest in many disciplines. We present a unifying framework for blending mechanistic and machine-learning approaches to identify dynamical systems…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-18 Matthew E. Levine , Andrew M. Stuart

Data-driven model reduction methods provide a nonintrusive way of constructing computationally efficient surrogates of high-fidelity models for real-time control of soft robots. This work leverages the Lagrangian nature of the model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Harsh Sharma , Iman Adibnazari , Jacobo Cervera-Torralba , Michael T. Tolley , Boris Kramer

This work presents a non-intrusive model reduction method to learn low-dimensional models of dynamical systems with non-polynomial nonlinear terms that are spatially local and that are given in analytic form. In contrast to state-of-the-art…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-28 Peter Benner , Pawan Goyal , Boris Kramer , Benjamin Peherstorfer , Karen Willcox

Operator learning offers a robust framework for approximating mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces. It has also become a powerful tool for solving inverse problems in the computational sciences. This chapter surveys…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Nicholas H. Nelsen , Yunan Yang

This paper proposes a novel approach for learning a data-driven quadratic manifold from high-dimensional data, then employing this quadratic manifold to derive efficient physics-based reduced-order models. The key ingredient of the approach…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-29 Rudy Geelen , Stephen Wright , Karen Willcox

In this work, we address the challenge of efficiently modeling dynamical systems in process engineering. We use reduced-order model learning, specifically operator inference. This is a non-intrusive, data-driven method for learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-31 Ion Victor Gosea , Luisa Peterson , Pawan Goyal , Jens Bremer , Kai Sundmacher , Peter Benner

In this effort we propose a data-driven learning framework for reduced order modeling of fluid dynamics. Designing accurate and efficient reduced order models for nonlinear fluid dynamic problems is challenging for many practical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Xuping Xie , Guannan Zhang , Clayton G. Webster

This work formulates a new approach to reduced modeling of parameterized, time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). The method employs Operator Inference, a scientific machine learning framework combining data-driven learning…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Shane A McQuarrie , Parisa Khodabakhshi , Karen E Willcox

This paper presents a data-driven, nested Operator Inference (OpInf) approach for learning physics-informed reduced-order models (ROMs) from snapshot data of high-dimensional dynamical systems. The approach exploits the inherent hierarchy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Nicole Aretz , Karen Willcox

Accurate modeling of personalized cardiovascular dynamics is crucial for non-invasive monitoring and therapy planning. State-of-the-art physics-informed neural network (PINN) approaches employ deep, multi-branch architectures with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ryan Chappell , Chayan Banerjee , Kien Nguyen , Clinton Fookes

This work presents a data-driven Koopman operator-based modeling method using a model averaging technique. While the Koopman operator has been used for data-driven modeling and control of nonlinear dynamics, it is challenging to accurately…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-05 Daisuke Uchida , Karthik Duraisamy

Recently, neural operators have emerged as powerful tools for learning mappings between function spaces, enabling data-driven simulations of complex dynamics. Despite their successes, a deeper understanding of their learning mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Wenhan Gao , Jian Luo , Fang Wan , Ruichen Xu , Xiang Liu , Haipeng Xing , Yi Liu

Reduced-order modeling lies at the interface of numerical analysis and data-driven scientific computing, providing principled ways to compress high-fidelity simulations in science and engineering. We propose a training framework that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Donglin Liu , Francisco García Atienza , Mengwu Guo