Related papers: Diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission in Cygnus X: Comment…
An extensive program for the calculation of galactic cosmic-ray propagation has been developed. This is a continuation of the work described in Strong & Youssefi (1995). The main motivation for developing this code is the prediction of…
Here is reviewed our current understanding of Galactic and extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray emission. The spectrum of the extragalactic gamma-ray background above 30 MeV can be well described by a power law with photon index s=2.1. In the…
This paper was originally published in June 2013 in JFM (vol. 725). There was one result concerning an expression of viscous dissipation in convective flows and a second result on the condition of applicability of the anelastic liquid…
Yeh and Hummer's simplified estimation method has often been adopted to obtain diffusion coefficients for solute molecules using molecular dynamic simulation. However, the simplified formula is not necessarily valid when a small basic cell…
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in the computation of E(n,x) on page 6 which appears to be essential for the result. The author is currently trying to correct this proof
Diffuse gamma-ray emission (DGE) has been discovered over the Galactic disk in the energy range from sub-GeV to sub-PeV. While it is believed to be dominated by the pionic emission of cosmic ray (CR) hadrons via interactions with…
Calculus and geometry are ubiquitous in the theoretical modelling of scientific phenomena, but have historically been very challenging to apply directly to real data as statistics. Diffusion geometry is a new theory that reformulates…
One of the unsolved problems in cosmic ray (CR) physics is the small radial gradient of the gamma-ray intensity compared to the inferred CR source distribution in the Galactic disk. In diffusive CR propagation models the most natural…
Diffusion in complex heterogeneous media such as biological tissues or porous materials typically involves constrained displacements in tortuous structures and {\em sticky} environments. Therefore, diffusing particles experience both…
Despite the empirical success of Diffusion Models (DMs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), their generalization performance remains theoretically underexplored, especially lacking a full consideration of the shared encoder-generator…
The precision measurement of diffusion coefficient of solution is very important for the clear understanding of material transfer and interaction between the materials. But the high precision measurement of diffusion coefficient is very…
The macroscopic behaviour of cosmic rays in turbulent magnetic fields is discussed. An implementation of anisotropic diffusion of cosmic rays with respect to the magnetic field in a non-conservative, high-order, finite-difference…
This paper gives direct derivations of the differential equations and likelihood formulas of diffusion models assuming only knowledge of Gaussian distributions. A VAE analysis derives both forward and backward stochastic differential…
We present comprehensive determinations of the diffusion coefficients $D$ at $T=24\,\degree$C for trace amounts of naturally abundant Rb atoms in inert, naturally abundant He, Ne, N$_2$, Ar, Kr, and Xe buffer gases using a single…
The diffusion coefficients of neutron rich nuclei in crystallizing white dwarf (WD) stars are essential microphysics input for modeling the evolution of the composition profile. Recently, molecular dynamics simulations have been used to…
We discuss the recent developments in the theory of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) by using both first-principle kinetic plasma simulations and analytical theory based on the solution of the convection/diffusion equation. In particular,…
The positron excess measured by PAMELA and AMS can only be explained if there is one or several sources injecting them. Moreover, at the highest energies, it requires the presence of nearby ($\sim$hundreds of parsecs) and middle age…
Consider a diffusion process X=(X_t), with t in [0,1], observed at discrete times and high frequency, solution of a stochastic differential equation whose drift and diffusion coefficients are assumed to be unknown. In this article, we focus…
Cosmic-ray (CR) diffusion is the result of the interaction of such charged particles against magnetic fluctuations. These fluctuations originate from large-scale turbulence cascading towards smaller spatial scales, decomposed into three…
The diffusion coefficient of a circular shaped inclusion in a liquid membrane is investigated by taking into account the interaction between membranes and bulk solvents of arbitrary thickness. As illustrative examples, the diffusion…