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The universal approximation theorem is generalised to uniform convergence on the (noncompact) input space $\mathbb{R}^n$. All continuous functions that vanish at infinity can be uniformly approximated by neural networks with one hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Teun D. H. van Nuland

We establish a continuous-time framework for analyzing Deep Q-Networks (DQNs) via stochastic control and Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDEs). Considering a continuous-time Markov Decision Process (MDP) driven by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Qian Qi

This work addresses two fundamental limitations in neural network approximation theory. We demonstrate that a three-dimensional network architecture enables a significantly more efficient representation of sawtooth functions, which serves…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-13 ZeYu Li , FengLei Fan , TieYong Zeng

We investigate three related and important problems connected to machine learning: approximating a submodular function everywhere, learning a submodular function (in a PAC-like setting [53]), and constrained minimization of submodular…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Rishabh Iyer , Stefanie Jegelka , Jeff Bilmes

We consider a family of deep neural networks consisting of two groups of convolutional layers, a downsampling operator, and a fully connected layer. The network structure depends on two structural parameters which determine the numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Tong Mao , Zhongjie Shi , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Many problems of theoretical and practical interest involve finding an optimum over a family of convex functions. For instance, finding the projection on the convex functions in $H^k(\Omega)$, and optimizing functionals arising from some…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2008-04-11 Néstor E. Aguilera , Pedro Morin

We extend recent computer-assisted design and analysis techniques for first-order optimization over structured functions--known as performance estimation--to apply to structured sets. We prove "interpolation theorems" for smooth and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Alan Luner , Benjamin Grimmer

We study adaptive approximation algorithms for general multivariate linear problems where the sets of input functions are non-convex cones. While it is known that adaptive algorithms perform essentially no better than non-adaptive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Yuhan Ding , Fred J. Hickernell , Peter Kritzer , Simon Mak

We propose FlexQP, an always-feasible convex quadratic programming (QP) solver based on an $\ell_1$ elastic relaxation of the QP constraints. If the original constraints are feasible, FlexQP provably recovers the optimal solution. If the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Alex Oshin , Rahul Vodeb Ghosh , Augustinos D. Saravanos , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Many high-dimensional optimisation problems exhibit rich geometric structures in their set of minimisers, often forming smooth manifolds due to over-parametrisation or symmetries. When this structure is known, at least locally, it can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Evan Markou , Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Stephen Gould

Quadratic programming (QP) is the most widely applied category of problems in nonlinear programming. Many applications require real-time/fast solutions, though not necessarily with high precision. Existing methods either involve matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ziang Chen , Xiaohan Chen , Jialin Liu , Xinshang Wang , Wotao Yin

We extend the standard notion of self-concordance to non-convex optimization and develop a family of second-order algorithms with global convergence guarantees. In particular, two function classes -- \textit{weakly self-concordant}…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Donald Goldfarb , Lexiao Lai , Tianyi Lin , Jiayu Zhang

Finite-sum optimization has wide applications in machine learning, covering important problems such as support vector machines, regression, etc. In this paper, we initiate the study of solving finite-sum optimization problems by quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-06 Yexin Zhang , Chenyi Zhang , Cong Fang , Liwei Wang , Tongyang Li

Approximations of functions with finite data often do not respect certain "structural" properties of the functions. For example, if a given function is non-negative, a polynomial approximation of the function is not necessarily also…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Vidhi Zala , Robert M. Kirby , Akil Narayan

Convex quadratically constrained quadratic programs (QCQPs) involve finding a solution within a convex feasible region defined by quadratic constraints while minimizing a convex quadratic objective function. These problems arise in various…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Chenyang Wu , Qian Chen , Akang Wang , Tian Ding , Ruoyu Sun , Wenguo Yang , Qingjiang Shi

We consider estimating a compact set from finite data by approximating the support function of that set via sublinear regression. Support functions uniquely characterize a compact set up to closure of convexification, and are sublinear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-24 Shadi Haddad , Abhishek Halder

As demonstrated in many areas of real-life applications, neural networks have the capability of dealing with high dimensional data. In the fields of optimal control and dynamical systems, the same capability was studied and verified in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Wei Kang , Qi Gong

In a wide range of applications, we are required to rapidly solve a sequence of convex multiparametric quadratic programs (mp-QPs) on resource-limited hardwares. This is a nontrivial task and has been an active topic for decades in control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Zhinan Hou , Keyou You

We consider approximation or recovery of functions based on a finite number of function evaluations. This is a well-studied problem in optimal recovery, machine learning, and numerical analysis in general, but many fundamental insights were…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-07 David Krieg , Mario Ullrich

Non-convex optimization plays a key role in a growing number of machine learning applications. This motivates the identification of specialized structure that enables sharper theoretical analysis. One such identified structure is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Qiang Fu , Dongchu Xu , Ashia Wilson