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Multi-photon lithography has emerged as a powerful tool for photonic integration, allowing to complement planar photonic circuits by 3D-printed freeform structures such as waveguides or micro-optical elements. These structures can be…

Gradient metasurface, formed by a set of subwavelength unit cells with different phase modulation, is widely used in polarized beam splitting (BS) in the classical and quantum optics. Specifically, its phase gradient allows the path and…

Optics · Physics 2024-03-14 Qi Liu , Xuan Liu , Yu Tian , Zhaohua Tian , Guixin Li , Xi-Feng Ren , Qihuang Gong , Ying Gu

In regular magneto-optical trap (MOT) systems, the delivery of six circularly polarized (CP) cooling beams requires complex and bulky optical arrangements including waveplates, mirrors, retroreflectors, etc. To address such technique…

Reconfigurable beam splitters capable of being arbitrarily programmed for the power splitting ratios are vital for the adaptive optical networks and photonic computing. Conventional mechanisms such as thermo-optic, free-carrier, or…

With the versatile manipulation capability, programmable metasurfaces are rapidly advancing in their intelligence, integration, and commercialization levels. However, as the programmable metasurfaces scale up, their control configuration…

Polarization beam splitting (BS) has been implemented on gradient metasurface with local response for entanglement manipulation and state reconstruction. To realize more degrees of light modulation, nonlocal modes, manifested as wavelength…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Yu Tian , Qi Liu , Zhaohua Tian , Qihuang Gong , Ying Gu

Subwavelength planar structured interfaces, also known as metasurfaces, are ultra-thin optical elements modulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization of incident light using nanostructures called meta-atoms. The optical properties of…

Optics · Physics 2023-02-01 Saeed Hemayat , Liyi Hsu , Jeongho Ha , Abdoulaye Ndao

Recent advancements in smart radio environment technologies aim to enhance wireless network performance through the use of low-cost electromagnetic (EM) devices. Among these, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have garnered attention…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Silvia Palmucci , Andrea Abrardo , Davide Dardari , Alberto Toccafondi , Marco Di Renzo

Mult-layered meta-optics have enabled complex wavefront shaping beyond their single layer counterpart owing to the additional design variables afforded by each plane. For instance, complex amplitude modulation, generalized polarization…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-26 Ahmed H. Dorrah , Joon-Suh Park , Alfonso Palmieri , Federico Capasso

As an inversely designed artificial device, metasurface usually means densely arranged meta-atoms with complex substructures. In acoustics, those meta-atoms are usually constructed by multi-folded channels or multi-connected cavities of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Huiqin Ni , Xinsheng Fang , Zhilin Hou , Yong Li , Badreddine Assouar

Structured optical materials provide a promising platform for photonic quantum information processing in free space. Beam splitters, a fundamental building block of photonic circuits, have recently been demonstrated in free space using…

Polarization beam splitters, devices that separate the two orthogonal polarizations of light into different propagation directions, are one of the most ubiquitous optical elements. However, traditionally polarization splitters rely on bulky…

This paper considers a multi-antenna multicast system with programmable metasurface (PMS) based transmitter. Taking into account of the finite-resolution phase shifts of PMSs, a novel beam training approach is proposed, which achieves…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Xiaoling Hu , Caijun Zhong , Yongxu Zhu , Xiaoming Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang

Entanglement witnessing is essential for quantum technologies such as computing, key distribution, and networking. Conventional bulk-optics methods require sequential reconfiguration across multiple polarization bases, limiting efficiency…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Mohamed ElKabbash

Beam splitters are pivotal components in integrated microwave and photonic systems. However, conventional designs based on directional coupling or multi-mode interference often suffer from back scattering, frequency-dependent splitting…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-10 Lujun Hong , Chao Liu , Jun Wu , Chaojian He , Kai Yuan , Xiaohua Deng , Song Yang , Zhen Gao

Flat optics has demonstrated great advances in miniaturizing conventional, bulky optical elements due to the recent developments in metasurface design. Specific applications of such designs include spatial differentiation and the…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-11 Olivia Y. Long , Cheng Guo , Weiliang Jin , Shanhui Fan

Mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) is attractive as a means to increase the link capacity of a single wavelength for optical interconnects via the use of multiple mode-channels in multimode bus waveguide.In order to route the data in MDM…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-11-19 Hao Wu , Chenlei Li , Lijia Song , Hon-Ki Tsang , John E Bowers , Daoxin Dai

Imaging polarimetry plays an essential role in various fields since it imparts rich information that cannot be obtained through mere intensity and spectral measurements. To retrieve full Stokes parameters, at least four sensor pixels are…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-28 Go Soma , Kento Komatsu , Chun Ren , Yoshiaki Nakano , Takuo Tanemura

Metasurfaces, with their ability to control electromagnetic waves, hold immense potential in optical device design, especially for applications requiring precise control over dispersion. This work introduces an approach to dispersion…

Metasurfaces have attracted extensive interests due to their ability to locally manipulate optical parameters of light and easy integration to complex optical systems. Particularly, metasurfaces can provide a novel platform for splitting…

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