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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have demonstrated promise in solving forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations. Despite recent progress on expanding the class of problems that can be tackled by PINNs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Francisco Sahli Costabal , Simone Pezzuto , Paris Perdikaris

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for integrating physics-based constraints and data to address forward and inverse problems in machine learning. Despite their potential, the implementation of PINNs…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Alan Williams , Christopher Leon , Alexander Scheinker

I present a simple hybrid framework that combines physics informed neural networks (PINNs) with features generated from small quantum circuits. As a proof of concept, a first-order equation is solved by feeding quantum measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Rachana Soni

In recent years, Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) have gained increasing popularity. Within such a paradigm, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are novel deep learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Pasquale Ambrosio , Salvatore Cuomo , Mariapia De Rosa

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) represent a significant advancement in Scientific Machine Learning (SciML), which integrate physical domain knowledge into an empirical loss function as soft constraints and apply existing machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xiaoran Cheng , Sen Na

Today, it is more important than ever before for users to have trust in the models they use. As Machine Learning models fall under increased regulatory scrutiny and begin to see more applications in high-stakes situations, it becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 William Knauth

The gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field remains a demanding benchmark for numerical methods in numerical relativity, as it exhibits critical behavior at the boundary between dispersion and black hole formation. In this work we…

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) can be regarded as general-purpose PDE solvers, but it might be slow to train PINNs on particular problems, and there is no theoretical guarantee of corresponding error bounds. In this manuscript, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Jun Zhang , Wen Yao

The Lane-Emden equation, a nonlinear second-order ordinary differential equation, plays a fundamental role in theoretical physics and astrophysics, particularly in modeling the structure of stellar interiors. Also referred to as the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Luke Oluwaseye Joel , Charis Harley , Ebrahim Momoniat

Physics-informed neural networks have gained growing interest. Specifically, they are used to solve partial differential equations governing several physical phenomena. However, physics-informed neural network models suffer from several…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Diab W. Abueidda , Seid Koric , Erman Guleryuz , Nahil A. Sobh

The physics informed neural network (PINN) is a promising method for solving time-evolution partial differential equations (PDEs). However, the standard PINN method may fail to solve the PDEs with strongly nonlinear characteristics or those…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-08 Jiawei Guo , Yanzhong Yao , Han Wang , Tongxiang Gu

This paper proposes a rank inspired neural network (RINN) to tackle the initialization sensitivity issue of physics informed extreme learning machines (PIELM) when numerically solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Unlike PIELM…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Wentao Peng , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between deep neural networks (DNN) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) function as the activation function and continuous piecewise linear (CPWL) functions, especially CPWL functions from the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Juncai He , Lin Li , Jinchao Xu , Chunyue Zheng

Learning the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) with a neural network is an attractive alternative to traditional solvers due to its elegance, greater flexibility and the ease of incorporating observed data. However, training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Katsiaryna Haitsiukevich , Alexander Ilin

Gradient descent (GD) type optimization schemes are the standard instruments to train fully connected feedforward artificial neural networks (ANNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation and can be considered as temporal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-24 Shokhrukh Ibragimov , Arnulf Jentzen , Timo Kröger , Adrian Riekert

Physics-Informed Neural Networks have become a powerful mesh-free method for solving partial differential equations, but their performance is often limited by spectral bias. Specifically, in standard MLPs used in PINNs, the global parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jianfeng Li , Feng Wang , Ke Tang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a prominent paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), yet their training strategies remain underexplored. While hard prioritization methods inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhaoqian Gao , Min Yanga

Surrogate modeling is used to replace computationally expensive simulations. Neural networks have been widely applied as surrogate models that enable efficient evaluations over complex physical systems. Despite this, neural networks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Hao Chen , Gonzalo E. Constante Flores , Can Li

Solving inverse problems in dynamical systems governed by high-dimensional coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is a ubiquitous challenge in scientific machine learning. In many real-world applications, researchers seek to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhao Wei , Kenneth Hor Cheng Koh , Sheng Yuan Chin , James Chun Yip Chan , Chin Chun Ooi , Yew-Soon Ong