Related papers: $3n+3^k$: New Perspective on Collatz Conjecture
Let $\sigma_n=\lfloor1+n\cdot\log_23\rfloor$. For the Collatz 3x + 1 function exists for each $n\in\mathbb{N}$ a set of different residue classes $(\text{mod}\ 2^{\sigma_n})$ of starting numbers $s$ with finite stopping time…
The document tries to put focus on sequences with certain properties and periods leading to the first value smaller than the starting value in the Collatz problem. With the idea that, if all starting numbers lead ultimately to a smaller…
In this work, we introduce another extension U of the 3n+1 function to the real line. We propose a conjecture about the U-trajectories that generalizes the famous 3n+1 (or Collatz) conjecture. We then prove our main result about the…
We give a generalization of Collatz conjecture or 3n+1 problem on 2-adic completion of Q. A isometric of $Q_2$ provides information on the average behavior of the firsts terms of the sequence according to the class of $u_0$ modulo $2^m$. A…
The Collatz function is defined as C(n) = n / 2 if n is even and C(n) = 3n + 1 if n is odd. The Collatz conjecture states that every sequence generated by the Collatz function ends with the cycle (4, 2, 1) after a finite number of…
In this article, we reduce the unsolved problem of convergence of Collatz sequences to convergence of Collatz sequences of odd numbers that are divisible by 3. We give an elementary proof of the fact that a Collatz sequence does not…
The 3n+1, or Collatz problem, is one of the hardest math problems, yet still unsolved. The Collatz conjecture is to prove or disprove that the Collatz sequences COL(n) always eventually reach the number of 1, for all n belongs to N+ (all…
We here elaborate on a quantitative argument to support the validity of the Collatz conjecture, also known as the (3x + 1) or Syracuse conjecture. The analysis is structured as follows. First, three distinct fixed points are found for the…
It is well known that the following Collatz Conjecture is one of the unsolved problems in mathematics. Collatz Conjecture: For any positive integer $n>1$, the following recursive algorithm will convergent to 1 by a finite number of steps.…
An alternative computational approach to the Collatz (3n+1) conjecture is presented that may be theoretically capable of confirming the conjecture.
The Collatz conjecture, also known as the 3n+1 problem, is one of the most popular open problems in number theory. In this note, an algorithm for the verification of the Collatz conjecture is presented that works on a standard PC for…
The present work focuses on the study of the renowned Collatz conjecture, also known as the $3x +1$ problem. The distinguished analysis approach lies on the dynamics of an iterative map in binary form. A new estimation of the enlargement of…
This paper studies certain trajectories of the Collatz function. I show that if for each odd number $n$, $n\sim 3n+2$ then every positive integer $n \in \mathbb{N}\setminus 2^{\mathbb{N}}$ has the representation…
For a long time, Collatz Conjecture has been assumed to be true, although a formal proof has eluded all efforts to date. In this article, evidence is presented that suggests such an assumption is incorrect. By analysing the stopping times…
We explore the cycles and convergence of Generalized Collatz Sequence, where $3n+1$ in original collatz function is replaced with $3n+k$. We present a generating function for cycles of GCS and show a particular inheritance structure of…
We analyze the stopping-time and cycle structure of the normalized Collatz iteration. Using a recursive description of admissible binary sequences, we show that every integer $m \equiv 3 \pmod{4}$ arises uniquely and derive new bounds for…
Let $g$ be a map from the set of positive integers into itself defined as follows: Let $x$ be a positive integer. If $x$ is odd, then $g(x)=3x+1$, and if $x$ is even, then $g(x)=x/2$. The $3x+1$ conjecture, also called the Collatz…
The Collatz conjecture (also known as the $3x+1$ problem) concerns the behavior of the discrete dynamical system on the positive integers defined by iteration of the so-called $3x + 1$ function. We investigate analogous dynamical systems in…
This paper is an overview and survey of work on the 3x+1 problem, also called the Collatz problem, and generalizations of it. It gives a history of the problem. It addresses two questions: (1) What can mathematics currently say about this…
In this paper we introduce and discuss the sequence of \emph{real numbers} defined as $u_0 \in \mathbb R$ and $u_{n+1} = \Delta(u_n)$ where \begin{equation*} \Delta(x) = \begin{cases} \frac{x}{2} &\text{if }…