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As acquiring reliable ground-truth labels is usually costly, or infeasible, crowdsourcing and aggregation of noisy human annotations is the typical resort. Aggregating subjective labels, though, may amplify individual biases, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Gabriel Singer , Samuel Gruffaz , Olivier Vo Van , Nicolas Vayatis , Argyris Kalogeratos

Machine Learning often involves various imprecise labels, leading to diverse weakly supervised settings. While recent methods aim for universal handling, they usually suffer from complex manual pre-work, ignore the relationships between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ziquan Wang , Haobo Wang , Ke Chen , Lei Feng , Gang Chen

Real-world data for classification is often labeled by multiple annotators. For analyzing such data, we introduce CROWDLAB, a straightforward approach to utilize any trained classifier to estimate: (1) A consensus label for each example…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Hui Wen Goh , Ulyana Tkachenko , Jonas Mueller

In this paper, we analyze PAC learnability from labels produced by crowdsourcing. In our setting, unlabeled examples are drawn from a distribution and labels are crowdsourced from workers who operate under classification noise, each with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Shelby Heinecke , Lev Reyzin

We consider the problem of accurately estimating the reliability of workers based on noisy labels they provide, which is a fundamental question in crowdsourcing. We propose a novel lower bound on the minimax estimation error which applies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-26 Thomas Bonald , Richard Combes

Labeling real-world datasets is time consuming but indispensable for supervised machine learning models. A common solution is to distribute the labeling task across a large number of non-expert workers via crowd-sourcing. Due to the varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Taraneh Younesian , Chi Hong , Amirmasoud Ghiassi , Robert Birke , Lydia Y. Chen

The label propagation algorithm (LPA) has been proved to be a fast and effective method for detecting communities in large complex networks. However, its performance is subject to the non-stable and trivial solutions of the problem. In this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-15 Jihui Han , Wei Li , Zhu Su , Longfeng Zhao , Weibing Deng

Supervised learning, especially supervised deep learning, requires large amounts of labeled data. One approach to collect large amounts of labeled data is by using a crowdsourcing platform where numerous workers perform the annotation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Kosuke Yoshimura , Hisashi Kashima

We consider crowdsourced labeling under a $d$-type worker-task specialization model, where each worker and task is associated with one particular type among a finite set of types and a worker provides a more reliable answer to tasks of the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Doyeon Kim , Hye Won Chung

The growing use of supervised machine learning in research and industry has increased the need for labeled datasets. Crowdsourcing has emerged as a popular method to create data labels. However, working on large batches of tasks leads to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Chandramohan Sudar , Michael Froehlich , Florian Alt

Crowdsourcing platforms offer a practical solution to the problem of affordably annotating large datasets for training supervised classifiers. Unfortunately, poor worker performance frequently threatens to compromise annotation reliability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Liyue Zhao , Yu Zhang , Gita Sukthankar

Learning effective language representations from crowdsourced labels is crucial for many real-world machine learning tasks. A challenging aspect of this problem is that the quality of crowdsourced labels suffer high intra- and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Yang Hao , Xiao Zhai , Wenbiao Ding , Zitao Liu

Some complex problems, such as image tagging and natural language processing, are very challenging for computers, where even state-of-the-art technology is yet able to provide satisfactory accuracy. Therefore, rather than relying solely on…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Xuan Liu , Meiyu Lu , Beng Chin Ooi , Yanyan Shen , Sai Wu , Meihui Zhang

Label assignment has been widely studied in general object detection because of its great impact on detectors' performance. However, none of these works focus on label assignment in dense pedestrian detection. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Zheng Ge , Jianfeng Wang , Xin Huang , Songtao Liu , Osamu Yoshie

We introduce an unsupervised approach to efficiently discover the underlying features in a data set via crowdsourcing. Our queries ask crowd members to articulate a feature common to two out of three displayed examples. In addition we also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 James Y. Zou , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Adam Tauman Kalai

One of the primary catalysts fueling advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is the availability of massive, curated datasets. A commonly used technique to curate such massive datasets is crowdsourcing, where data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Shahana Ibrahim , Panagiotis A. Traganitis , Xiao Fu , Georgios B. Giannakis

Due to concerns about human error in crowdsourcing, it is standard practice to collect labels for the same data point from multiple internet workers. We here show that the resulting budget can be used more effectively with a flexible worker…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Mehrnoosh Sameki , Sha Lai , Kate K. Mays , Lei Guo , Prakash Ishwar , Margrit Betke

Samples with ground truth labels may not always be available in numerous domains. While learning from crowdsourcing labels has been explored, existing models can still fail in the presence of sparse, unreliable, or diverging annotations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Mani Sotoodeh , Li Xiong , Joyce C. Ho

The task of aggregating and denoising crowd-labeled data has gained increased significance with the advent of crowdsourcing platforms and massive datasets. We propose a permutation-based model for crowd labeled data that is a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Nihar B. Shah , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Martin J. Wainwright

Noisy labels are common in large-scale medical imaging datasets due to inter-observer variability and ambiguous cases. We propose a statistically grounded and task-agnostic framework, Standardized Loss Aggregation (SLA), for detecting noisy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Inhyuk Park , Doohyun Park