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Differential privacy is becoming a gold standard for privacy research; it offers a guaranteed bound on loss of privacy due to release of query results, even under worst-case assumptions. The theory of differential privacy is an active…

A user's data is represented by a Gaussian random variable. Given a linear function of the data, a querier is required to recover, with at least a prescribed accuracy level, the function value based on a query response provided by the user.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Ajaykrishnan Nageswaran

In recent years, Gaussian noise has become a popular tool in differentially private algorithms, often replacing Laplace noise which dominated the early literature. Gaussian noise is the standard approach to $\textit{approximate}$…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Joel Daniel Andersson , Rasmus Pagh , Teresa Anna Steiner , Sahel Torkamani

In this work, we study trade-offs between accuracy and privacy in the context of linear queries over histograms. This is a rich class of queries that includes contingency tables and range queries, and has been a focus of a long line of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-05 Aleksandar Nikolov , Kunal Talwar , Li Zhang

Differential privacy (DP) is obtained by randomizing a data analysis algorithm, which necessarily introduces a tradeoff between its utility and privacy. Many DP mechanisms are built upon one of two underlying tools: Laplace and Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Roy Rinberg , Ilia Shumailov , Vikrant Singhal , Rachel Cummings , Nicolas Papernot

The data transmitted by cyber-physical systems can be intercepted and exploited by malicious individuals to infer privacy-sensitive information regarding the physical system. This motivates us to study the problem of preserving privacy in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-04 Teimour Hosseinalizadeh , Nima Monshizadeh

Differential privacy (DP) is a rigorous notion of data privacy, used for private statistics. The canonical algorithm for differentially private mean estimation is to first clip the samples to a bounded range and then add noise to their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Gautam Kamath , Argyris Mouzakis , Matthew Regehr , Vikrant Singhal , Thomas Steinke , Jonathan Ullman

We study Gaussian mechanism in the shuffle model of differential privacy (DP). Particularly, we characterize the mechanism's R\'enyi differential privacy (RDP), showing that it is of the form: $$ \epsilon(\lambda) \leq…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-05 Seng Pei Liew , Tsubasa Takahashi

The objective of differential privacy (DP) is to protect privacy by producing an output distribution that is indistinguishable between any two neighboring databases. However, traditional differentially private mechanisms tend to produce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Kai Zhang , Yanjun Zhang , Ruoxi Sun , Pei-Wei Tsai , Muneeb Ul Hassan , Xin Yuan , Minhui Xue , Jinjun Chen

We propose a numerical accountant for evaluating the tight $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-privacy loss for algorithms with discrete one dimensional output. The method is based on the privacy loss distribution formalism and it uses the recently…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-24 Antti Koskela , Joonas Jälkö , Lukas Prediger , Antti Honkela

The standard closed form lower bound on $\sigma$ for providing $(\epsilon, \delta)$-differential privacy by adding zero mean Gaussian noise with variance $\sigma^2$ is $\sigma > \Delta\sqrt {2}(\epsilon^{-1}) \sqrt {\log \left(…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Staal A. Vinterbo

Bayesian methods lie at the heart of modern data science and provide a powerful scaffolding for estimation in data-constrained settings and principled quantification and propagation of uncertainty. Yet in many real-world use cases where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sitan Chen , Jingqiu Ding , Mahbod Majid , Walter McKelvie

Differential privacy is the gold standard for statistical data release. Used by governments, companies, and academics, its mathematically rigorous guarantees and worst-case assumptions on the strength and knowledge of attackers make it a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Kareem Amin , Alex Kulesza , Sergei Vassilvitskii

We propose a novel theoretical and methodological framework for Gaussian process regression subject to privacy constraints. The proposed method can be used when a data owner is unwilling to share a high-fidelity supervised learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rui Tuo , Haoyuan Chen , Raktim Bhattacharya

Current practices for reporting the level of differential privacy (DP) protection for machine learning (ML) algorithms such as DP-SGD provide an incomplete and potentially misleading picture of the privacy guarantees. For instance, if only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Juan Felipe Gomez , Bogdan Kulynych , Georgios Kaissis , Flavio P. Calmon , Jamie Hayes , Borja Balle , Antti Honkela

Linear regression is an important tool across many fields that work with sensitive human-sourced data. Significant prior work has focused on producing differentially private point estimates, which provide a privacy guarantee to individuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Garrett Bernstein , Daniel Sheldon

Traditionally, differential privacy mechanism design has been tailored for a scalar-valued query function. Although many mechanisms such as the Laplace and Gaussian mechanisms can be extended to a matrix-valued query function by adding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Thee Chanyaswad , Alex Dytso , H. Vincent Poor , Prateek Mittal

Conventionally, in a differentially private additive noise mechanism, independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) noise samples are added to each coordinate of the response. In this work, we formally present the addition of noise that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Gokularam Muthukrishnan , Sheetal Kalyani

We design a class of additive noise mechanisms that satisfy \((\varepsilon, \delta)\)-differential privacy (DP) for scalar, real-valued query functions with known sensitivities, with a particular focus on moderate and low-privacy regimes.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Huikang Liu , Aras Selvi , Wolfram Wiesemann

Differential privacy has gained popularity in machine learning as a strong privacy guarantee, in contrast to privacy mitigation techniques such as k-anonymity. However, applying differential privacy to n-gram counts significantly degrades…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Osman Ramadan , James Withers , Douglas Orr