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The theory of quantum trajectories is applied to simulate the effects of quantum noise sources induced by the environment on quantum information protocols. We study two models that generalize single qubit noise channels like amplitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gabriel G. Carlo , Giuliano Benenti , Giulio Casati , Carlos Mejia-Monasterio

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices offer unique platforms to test and evaluate the behavior of non-fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, validating programs on NISQ devices is difficult due to fluctuations in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Megan L. Dahlhauser , Travis S. Humble

Quantum systems are inherently open and susceptible to environmental noise, which can have both detrimental and beneficial effects on their dynamics. This phenomenon has been observed in bio-molecular systems, where noise enables novel…

The execution of quantum circuits on real systems has largely been limited to those which are simply time-ordered sequences of unitary operations followed by a projective measurement. As hardware platforms for quantum computing continue to…

Verification of NISQ era quantum devices demands fast classical simulation of large noisy quantum circuits. We present an algorithm based on the stabilizer formalism that can efficiently simulate noisy stabilizer circuits. Additionally, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Patrick Rall

As research on building scalable quantum computers advances, it is important to be able to certify their correctness. Due to the exponential hardness of classically simulating quantum computation, straight-forward verification through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-23 Iskren Vankov , Daniel Mills , Petros Wallden , Elham Kashefi

Accurate modeling of noise in realistic quantum processors is critical for constructing fault-tolerant quantum computers. While a full simulation of actual noisy quantum circuits provides information about correlated noise among all qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 F. Setiawan , Alexander V. Gramolin , Elisha S. Matekole , Hari Krovi , Jacob M. Taylor

Quantum sensing is an important application of emerging quantum technologies. We explore whether a hybrid system of quantum sensors and quantum circuits can surpass the classical limit of sensing. In particular, we use optimization…

A universal fault-tolerant quantum computer that can solve efficiently problems such as integer factorization and unstructured database search requires millions of qubits with low error rates and long coherence times. While the experimental…

The ability to efficiently simulate random quantum circuits using a classical computer is increasingly important for developing Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices. Here we present a tensor network states based algorithm specifically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Chu Guo , Youwei Zhao , He-Liang Huang

Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is promising to show quantum advantage on near-term noisy-intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. One central problem of VQE is the effect of noise, especially the physical noise on realistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-30 Jinfeng Zeng , Zipeng Wu , Chenfeng Cao , Chao Zhang , Shiyao Hou , Pengxiang Xu , Bei Zeng

A common requirement of quantum simulations and algorithms is the preparation of complex states through sequences of 2-qubit gates. For a generic quantum state, the number of gates grows exponentially with the number of qubits, becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matan Ben Dov , David Shnaiderov , Adi Makmal , Emanuele G. Dalla Torre

Efficiently characterizing large quantum states and processes is a central yet notoriously challenging task in quantum information science, as conventional tomography methods typically require resources that grow exponentially with system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Chenyang Li , Shengxin Zhuang , Yukun Zhang , Jingbo B. Wang , Xiao Yuan , Yusen Wu , Chuan Wang

Classically simulating quantum systems is challenging, as even noiseless $n$-qubit quantum states scale as $2^n$. The complexity of noisy quantum systems is even greater, requiring $2^n \times 2^n$-dimensional density matrices. Various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Taylor L. Patti , Thien Nguyen , Justin G. Lietz , Alexander J. McCaskey , Brucek Khailany

We outline a proposal to test quantum mechanics in the high-complexity regime using noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The procedure involves simulating a non-Clifford random circuit, followed by its inverse, and then checking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Kevin Slagle

Running quantum circuits on quantum computers does not always generate "clean" results, unlike on a simulator, as noise plays a significant role in any quantum device. To explore this, we experimented with the Quantum Approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Abyan Khabir Irfan , Chansu Yu

Rapid advancement in the domain of quantum technologies has opened up researchers to the real possibility of experimenting with quantum circuits and simulating small-scale quantum programs. Nevertheless, the quality of currently available…

Efficient simulation of quantum circuits has become indispensable with the rapid development of quantum hardware. The primary simulation methods are based on state vectors and tensor networks. As the number of qubits and quantum gates grows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Feng Pan , Hanfeng Gu , Lvlin Kuang , Bing Liu , Pan Zhang

We present QEst, a procedure to systematically generate approximations for quantum circuits to reduce their CNOT gate count. Our approach employs circuit partitioning for scalability with procedures to 1) reduce circuit length using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Tirthak Patel , Ed Younis , Costin Iancu , Wibe de Jong , Devesh Tiwari

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha