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We investigate a scheme of fault-tolerant quantum computation based on the cluster model. Logical qubits are encoded by a suitable code such as the Steane's 7-qubit code. Cluster states of logical qubits are prepared by post-selection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Keisuke Fujii , Katsuji Yamamoto

Continuous-variable (CV) systems have shown remarkable potential for quantum computation, particularly excelling in scalability and error correction through bosonic encoding. Within this framework, the foundational notion of computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Sheron Blair , Francesco Arzani , Giulia Ferrini , Alessandro Ferraro

Can one certify the preparation of a coherent, many-body quantum state by measurements with bounded accuracy in the presence of noise and decoherence? Here, we introduce a criterion to assess the fragility of large-scale quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Florian Fröwis , Maarten van den Nest , Wolfgang Dür

Robust quantum computation requires encoding delicate quantum information into degrees of freedom that are hard for the environment to change. Quantum encodings have been demonstrated in many physical systems by observing and correcting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Maika Takita , Andrew W. Cross , A. D. Córcoles , Jerry M. Chow , Jay M. Gambetta

Quantum computing potentially offers exponential speed-ups over classical computing for certain tasks. A central, outstanding challenge to making quantum computing practical is to achieve fault tolerance, meaning that computations of any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-01 Jacob Hastrup , Kimin Park , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Radim Filip , Ulrik Lund Andersen

Computational validation is vital for all large-scale quantum computers. One needs computers that are both fast and accurate. Here we apply precise, scalable, high order statistical tests to data from large Gaussian boson sampling (GBS)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 Alexander S. Dellios , Bogdan Opanchuk , Margaret D. Reid , Peter D. Drummond

Bosonic quantum error correction is a viable option for realizing error-corrected quantum information processing in continuous-variable bosonic systems. Various single-mode bosonic quantum error-correcting codes such as cat, binomial, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-14 Kyungjoo Noh , Christopher Chamberland

Verification is a task to check whether a given quantum state is close to an ideal state or not. In this paper, we show that a variety of many-qubit quantum states can be verified with only sequential single-qubit measurements of Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-13 Yuki Takeuchi , Tomoyuki Morimae

In this work we develop new methods for the characterisation of continuous variable quantum states using heterodyne measurement in both the trusted and untrusted settings. First, building on quantum state tomography with heterodyne…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Ulysse Chabaud , Tom Douce , Frédéric Grosshans , Elham Kashefi , Damian Markham

A promising route towards fault-tolerant quantum error correction is the concatenation of a Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code with a qubit code. Development of such concatenated codes requires simulation tools which realistically model…

One of the main challenges in the field of quantum simulation and computation is to identify ways to certify the correct functioning of a device when a classical efficient simulation is not available. Important cases are situations in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-14 D. Hangleiter , M. Kliesch , M. Schwarz , J. Eisert

A central task in quantum information science is state certification: testing whether an unknown state is $\epsilon_1$-close to a fixed target state, or $\epsilon_2$-far. Recent work has shown that surprisingly simple measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Andrea Coladangelo , Jerry Li , Joseph Slote , Ellen Wu

We present a general approach to error detection of bosonic quantum error-correction codes via an adaptive quantum phase estimation algorithm assisted by a single ancilla qubit. The approach is applicable to a broad class of bosonic codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Yuan-De Jin , Shi-Yu Zhang , Ulrik L. Andersen , Wen-Long Ma

The accurate characterization of quantum systems is essential for the advancement of quantum technologies. In particular, certifying convex functions of quantum states plays a central role in many applications. We present a certification…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Leonardo Zambrano , Teodor Parella-Dilmé , Antonio Acín , Donato Farina

Bosonic codes offer a hardware-efficient approach to encoding and protecting quantum information with a single continuous-variable bosonic system. In this paper, we introduce a new universal quantum gate set composed of only one type of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Lingzhen Guo , Tangyou Huang , Lei Du

High-rate and large-distance quantum codes are expected to make fault-tolerant quantum computing more efficient, but most of them lack efficient fault-tolerant encoded-state preparation methods. We propose such a fault-tolerant encoder for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Naoyuki Kanomata , Hayato Goto

Encoding logical qubits in bosonic modes provides a potentially hardware-efficient implementation of fault-tolerant quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate high-fidelity and deterministic preparation of highly non-classical…

Characterizing increasingly complex quantum systems is a central task in quantum information science, yet experimental costs often scale prohibitively with system size. Certifying key properties using simple local measurements is highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Zhenyu Du , Jinchang Liu , Elias X. Huber , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

Boson sampling is a sub-universal model used to show quantum speed-up. However, the methods of validation to prove quantum speedup are not robust and accurate. All verification methods involve additional or little studied assumptions. Here,…

Continuous-variable cat codes are encodings into a single photonic or phononic mode that offer a promising avenue for hardware-efficient fault-tolerant quantum computation. Protecting information in a cat code requires measuring the mode's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Yijia Xu , Yixu Wang , Christophe Vuillot , Victor V. Albert